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EIGHTEEN 






Adams', John, 
Adams', John Quincy, 
Buchanan's, James. 
Fillmore's, Millard, 
Grant's, Ulysses S., 
Harrison's, ¥»m. H., 
Jackson's, Andrew, 
Jefferson's, Thomas, 
Johnson's, Andrew, 
Lincoln's, Abraham, 
Madison's, James, 
Monroe's, James, 
Pierce's, Franklin, 
Polk's James K., 
Taylor's, Zachary, 
Tyler's, John, 
Van Buren's, Martin, 
Washington's, George, 



Term. 

1797-1801. 

1S-J5-1829. 
1857-1861. 
1850-1853. 
1869-1873. 
1841-1 mo. 
1829-1837. 
1801-1809. 
1865-1869. 
1861-1865. 
1809-1817. 
1817-1825. 
1853-1857. 
1845-1849, 
1849-1850. 
1841-1845, 
1837-1841. 
1789-1797, 



Page, 

6 
14 

29 
25 
40 
20 
16 

7 
36 
32 

9 

12 
27 
23 
24 
20 
18 

1 



GENERAL INDElPage 97; SPECIAL INDEX. Pa«rc 98 



COMPILKD BT M. C. SPAULDING. 




PRICE. TWENTY-FIVE CENTS- 



UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, 

March, 7877. 

Ulysses S Grant, of Illinois, President, March 4, 1869 

Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana, Vice Pre^3ident, March 4, 1869 

'X'HE CA.BIlSrET\ Appointed. 

Hamilton Fish, of Neic York, Secretary of State, March 11, 1869 
George S. Boutwell, of Mass ,Sec'y of Treasury, March 11, 1869 
Wiiliam W B'jlkna|), of lotmi. Secretary of War, Nov. 1, I8tt9 
George M. Robeson, of N J , Sec'y of the Navy, June 25, 1869 
Columbus Delano, of Ohio, Sec'y of the Interior, Nov. 1, 1870 
Amos T Akerniati,^/ Georgia, Attorney General, June 16, 187u 
John A. J. Cresvvell, of Md., Po.'^t Master General. March 5, 1869 

HE^DS OW I3IGP.A.R,TM:E:iSrTS. 

Treasurer of the United States Francis E. Spinner, of Ne>v York- 
Register of the Treasury, John Allison, of tennsylvania. 

Solicitor of the Treasury, . E. 0. Banliekl of New York 

Comjjiroller of the Currenci/, Hiland R. Hurlburd,of Nevv York- 
Solicitor General, William A. Bristol , of Kentucky. 

Commissioner of Inttrnal Revenue, Alfred Pleasonton, of N. Y. 
Oommissumer of Customs, Nathan Sargent, of Dist. Columbia. 
CommisHoner of Patents. Mortimer D. Leggett, of Ohio. 

Commissioner of Pensions, Henry Van Aernan, of New York. 
Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Ely S. Parker, ot New York 
Commissioner of General Land Office, Willis Druramond, of lovva. 
Commissioner of Agricultare, Horace Capron of Illinois. 

Commissioner of Education, John A. Eaton, of Tennessee. 

Commissioner of Refugees & Ifreedmen, Gen O. O. Howard, of Me. 
Bureau of Statistics, Edward Young, of Mass. 

Superintendent of the Census, Francis A. Walker, ot Mass. 

Dtj)a.rtment of Justice, Amos T Akcrman, Attorney General. 
Department of Justice, '-'B. H. Bristow% of Ky., Solicitor General. 
Judge Advocate Oenerul, Bvt. Maj. General J. Holt, of Kentucky. 
Adjidant General of the Army, Bvt. Maj. Gen. E. D. Townsend. 
Quartermaster General, Bvt. Maj. General M C. Meigs, of Penn. 
Commissary General, Bvt. Maj. General A. B. Eaton, of N. York. 
Surgeon General, Bvt. Maj. Gen. Joseph K. Barnes, of Penn. 
Paymaster General, Bvt. Major General B. W. Price, of Ohio, 
Engineer Department, Bvt. Maj. Gen. A. A. Humphreys, of D. C. 
Superintendent of Coast Survey, Benjamin Pierce, of Mass. 



TCJHE 



ADMINISTRATIONS 



tfi 



11 MM^ f 






WITH A BR1J5P 



©a, 



AND 



Q. 



OTHER VALUABLE INFORMATION. 



COMPILED BY 



F'OR, SALE 

BY ALL BOOKSELLERS AND NEWS COMPANIES. 

1871. 



Entered according to Act of Corj^ress, in the year 1S7I, by 

M. C. SPAULDIiNG, 

in the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Wasliington. 






ADDRESS: 

m:. c. siPAXiLiDiisro, DXJBXJQTjr:, io"wa.. 



Rich & Ryan, Printers, (Tinr.es Office,) 
Dubuque, Iowa. 



WASHINGTON'S ADMINISTBATION. 

Term, 1780-17^7— Eight Years. 

l'^ Creornjc Wasliington, born 1732, died 1799, Virginia, 

President, April 30, 1789. 
2 John Adams, bl735 dl826, Massachusetts, Vice-President, 

April 30, 1789. 

Secretaries of State. 
?> Thomas Jefferson, bl743 dl82G, Virginia, Sepfcember 26, 

1789. 

4 PMmund Randolph, died, 1813, Virginia, January 2, 1794. 

5 Timothy Pickering, bl74G dl829, Pennsylvania, December 

10, 1795. 

Secretaries of the Treasarij. 

() Alexander Huniilton, bl757 dl804. New York, September 

11, 1789. 

7 Oliver Vv'oleott, bl727 dl797, Connecticut, February 3, 

1795. 

Secretaries of War. 
.- Henry Knox, bl750 dl80G^ Massachusetts, September 12 

1789. 

9 Timothy Pickering, bl746 dl829, Pennsylvania, January 

2, 1795. 

10 James McHenry, born, 1755, Maryland, Jan. 27, 1796. 

Postmasters General. 

11 Samuel Osgood, bl748 dl813, Mass, Sept. 26, 1789, 

12 Timothy Pickerings bl746 dl829, Penn., Nov. 7, 1791. 

13 Joseph Habersham, bl750 dl815, Georgia, Feb. 25, 1795. 

Attorneys General. 

14 Edmund Randolph, died, 1813, Virginia, Sep. 26, 1789. 

15 William Bradford, bl755 dl795, Penn., Jan. 28, 1794. 

16 Charles Lee, died, 1815, Virginia, Dec. 10, 1795. 

'•"Fur explanation of these numbers, refer to "Special Index," 



4 THE ADXriNlSTBATIO'N^ 

Speakers of the House. 

17 Frederick A. Muhlenberg, bl750 dl801, Penn., IstCoff- 

gress, 1789. 

18 Jcnathan Trumbull, bl740 dlSOD, Coim,, 2iid Con- 

gress, 1791. 

19 Frederick A. Muhleub«rg, 1st Congress, Penrr., 3rd do.y 

1793. 

20 Jonathan Dayton, bl756 dl824,N. Jersey, 4th do., 179.x 

Sd'mmary of Events during Washington s Aihninistralion. 

March 4.— ^Congress holds its first Session at New York. 
Washington declared President, April 6th, Inaugurated April 

30th. 
Adoption, by Congress, of Hamilton's plans for raising rsvc- 

nue, and funding the Federal war debt, amounting Uf 

$54,000,000. 
Departments of War, "Foreign Affairs," (State) and Treasury, 

created. 
Establishment of Supreme, Circuit acd District Courts. 

1190^ 

District of Columbia ceded by Virginia and Maryland. 

The State War debts (^25,000,000) assumed by the Govern- 
ment. 

The public funds advance above par, and gefieral pro?*perity 
prevails. 

Death of Gen. Putnam and Benjamin Franklin. 

Seat of Government removed to Philadelphia, Dec. 6, 1790. 

Indian War in Ohio Territory ; Gen. Harmar defeated. 

n9i. 

Vermont, the first New State, joins the Federal Union. 
Bank of the United States, (capital, 5^10,000,000.) establish- 
ed at Philadelphia. 
Gen. St. Clair defeated by Indians, in Western Ohio. 

1192. 

Kentucky admitted, as a State, into the Union. 
Establishment of the National Mint at Philadelphia. 
Selection of Washington D. C, as the Capital of the Stat6». 
Re-election of Washington and Adams. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. » 

1793. 

dovernment proclaluis neutrality towards France and Eng- 
land. 
Trouble with France and her troublesome Minister, M. Genet. 
The Yellow Fever Scourge visits the United States. 
Whitney's Cotton-gin gives new life to American industry. 

1794. 

Whisky Insurrection in Western Pa.;, put down by Maryland 

Militia. 
(,'ongress proh'bits the African Slave trade. 
Gen. Wayne's Indian victory on the Mauniee, Ohio. 

1795. 

Ratification of Wayne's Luliun treaty, by which large ter- 
ritory is acquired. 

Jay's Treaty with Great Britain, ratified, but unpopular with 
ths people 

1796. 

Admission of Tennessee as the third New State 

Itemovals from office during this Administration, nine., includ- 
ing one defaulter. 

Elect-ion of Adams and Jefferson ; resignation of Washington, 
September 17. 

Washington delivers his memorable Farewell Address. 

WashinyUnLS Financial AJministration. 

\'KAR. KXl'ORTS. IMTOKTS. EXPENDITURES. DEBT. 

17S9 $54,000,000 

1190— $20,205,15(5 $23,000,000 75,000,000 

nOl— 19.012,041 29,200,000 % 1,207,5.59 75,463,47(1 

1792— 20. 753, (-.98 31,500,000 ' 9,141,509 77,227,924 

1793—20 109,572 31,000,0(10 7.529,575 80,352,634 

1794— 33,026,233 34,600,000 9, .302. 124 78,427,400 

1795— 47,989,472 09,756,263 10,405,069 80,747,587 

1796— 67,064,097 81,436,164 8,367,776 83,762,172 

Note— Domestic diibt, 1789. ^42,000,000. Foreign debt, 
due Holland and France, $12,000,000. State debts, after- 
wards assumed, $25,000,000. Whole debt, funded January, 
1790, to meet the ibterest on which duties were laid on 
imported wines, coffee and spirits, 5 per cent, on woolen man- 
ufactures, 7 J per cent, on silk, cotton and iron, and 10 per 
cent, on ornaments of gold, silver and precious stones. Cou- 
tlncntal money redeemed at the rate of $100 for %\. 



b THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

JOHN ADAMS' (TEE SECOND,) ADMINISTRATION. 

Ttrm, 1797 to imi—Four YearK 

21 John Ailams, M735 dl826, Mass., Presi., Mar. 4, 1797. 

22 ThoQiasJefterson,bl743dl826, Vivgiuia, Vice-Pre**ideat, 

March 4, 1797. 

Secretaries of State. 

23 Timothy Pickering, Pa., eoHtinued in office, March 4^ 

1797. 

24 John Marshall, bJ755 dl835, Virginia, May IS, 1800. 

Secretaries of the Treasury. 

25 Oliver Wolcott, Conn., continued in office, March 4, 1797^ 

26 Samuel Dexter, bl761 dl816, Mass., Deo. 31, 180u. 

Secretaries of War. 

27 James McHenry, Md., continued in office, March 4, 179T 

28 Samuel Dexter,' Sec. of Treasury, Mass.. May 13, 1800. 

29 Roger GriswoW, bl762 dl812, Conn., Feb, 3, 1801. 

Secretaries of the Kavy—Estahlishcd in 1798. 

30 George Cabot, bl752 dl823, Mass., declined, May 3,179^. 
31, Benjamin Stoddert, Maryland, May 21, 1798, 

Postmaster General. 

32 Joseph Habersham, Ga., continued in office. Mar. 4, 1797. 

Attorneys General. 

33 Charles Lee, died, 1815, Virginia, March 4, 1797. 

34 Theophilus Parsons, bl750 dl8l3, Mass., Feb, 20, 1801, 

Speakers of the House. 

35 Jonathan Dayton, bl756 dl824, New Jersey, 5th 

Congress, 1797. 

36 George Dent, Maryland, 5th Congress, 1798. 

37 Theodore Sedgwick, bl780 dl839, Mass., 6th Congress, 

1799. 
Summary of Invents during Adams' Administration. 
1797. 
Difficulties with France — She insults the American Minister 
and Flag — Intense War feeliog aroused. 
1198. 
Washington re-appointed Commander-in-Chief. 
The American frigate Constel ation captures the Freach 
frigate Insurgente, 



OP THE UNITED STATES. 7 

The Frencli Directory desire peace and make overtures. 
Direct tax of|2,000,000, laid on the people— first before 1812, 

1199. 
Death of George Washington and Patrick Henry, 
War with France continues on the Ocean. 
Congress enacts Oliver Wolcott's TarifiP Bill, 
Passage of the "Alien" and "Sedition" Laws 

1800» 

Treaty of Peace with Napoleon — Provisional army disbanded. 
Election of Jefferson and Burr. 

President Adams removed ten from office — one, a defaulter. 
Transfer of the Capital from Philadelphia to Washington. 

John Adams Financial Administration. 

YEAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. EXPENDITURES. DEBT. 

n97— $58,850,200 |15,319,4eG % 8,C26,Gr2 $82,064,4ia 

1798— 61,527,097 68,551,700 8,61'{,507 79,228.529 

n99_ 78,665,522 79,089,148 11 077,04.'i: 78,408,669 

1800— 79,970,780 91,359,768 11,989,739 82,976,291 



JEPFEESON'S cTHE THIED,) ALMimSTEATION, 

Terni, 1801 to ISOO^ Eioht lV(/r.s, 
38 Thomas Jefferson, bl743 dl826, Va., Pres., Mar 4, 1801, 

Vice Presidents. 
89 Aaron Burr, bl756 dlS:Jt). New York, March 4, 1801. 

40 George Clinton, blT89dl812, New York, March 4, 180a, 

Secretary of State. 

41 James Madison, bl751 dl836, Virginia, March 5, 1801. 

Secretaries of the Treasury, 

42 Samuel Dexter, Mass., continued in office, Mar. 4. 1801, 

43 Albert Gallatin, bl761 dl849, Pean., Jan. 26, 1802. 

Secretary of War, 

44 Henry Dearborn, bl751 dl829, Mass., March 5, 1801. 

Secretaries of the Navy. 

4.5 Benjamin Stoddert, Md., continued in office, Mar. 4, 1801, 

46 Robert Smith, Maryland, Jan. 26, 1802. 

47 Jacob Growninsbield, died 1808, Mass, March 2, 18Q5. 



8 THE ADMINISTRATIO.XS 

Postmasters General, 
48 Joseph Habersham, continued in ofl&ce, G-a., Mar. 4. 1801. 
41) Gideon Granger, bl767 dl822, Conn., Jan. 26, 1802. 

Atfornei/s General. 

50 Levi Lincohi,bl749 dl820,Mass., March 5, ISOl. 

51 Robert Smith, Maryland, March 2, 1805. 

52 John Breekenridge, died, IBlU). Keutucky Dec. 25, 1805. 

53 Csesar A. Rodney, blTSO dl783, Del., Jan 20, 1807. 

Speakers of the Mouse. 

54 Nathaniel Macou, bl757 dl837, N. C, 7th Cong,180l. 

55 Nathaniel Macon, do 8th Congress, 1803. 

56 Nathaniel Macon, ■ do 9th Congress, 1805. 

57 Joseph B. Varnuui, bl759 dl821, Mass., 10th Congress, 

1807. 
/Summary/ of Eoents during Jefferson's Admimsiration. 

1801. 
Transfer of the principal offices from Federals to Republicans, 
[nternil rasas abolished and the Judicial System re.stored. 

1802. 
Olii ) ad.uitted as a State, into the Union. 
_. ■. / . ■ • ' '\:^' ■ ^ .1803. 

li'-iuisiana Territory ceded by France to the United States. 
U''ar witli the Barb.xrj States — Pe ice with Tripoli in 1805. 

1S04 
Murder of Alexander Ilaniilton by Aaron Burr, 
jjcwis and Clarke's Exploring J.xpeditlun. 
Re-election of Jefterson — Ciint<in elected Vice President. 

1S05. 
Great Britain r.,Mj;!V,.-^ her insults and aggressions. 

1806!. 

Conspiracy and trial of Aaron Burr. 
War between France and England. 

American Coujmerce suffers froin"British orders" and "Berlin 
decrees." 

1807. 

England inNitiCo upon the ''right of seurch," and America 

protests. 
British attack on U. S. frigate Chesapeake. 
The President order-, the depurture of all British vessels and 

lays an Embargo ou U. S. Ships. 



OP THE UNITKI) STATES. 

Congrebs meets iu Extra sessioriy and the people prepare f(»r 

Great Britain probibite neotraJs from tradinir with Franv-ej 
and Napoleon retaliates with his "Milan Decree." 

Fultoc's first Steamboat, "a decided succersa." 

1808^ 

Pretfident Jefferson revokes the Embargo and proclaims non« 
intercourse. 

*'JJayoune decree." Slave trade abolished again. 
1809. 

Death of Thomas Paine, the American Patriot. 

Jefferson removed 39 from office— See Jackson,s Adminis- 
tration. 

Jfffer on's Financial Administration. 

tKAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. EXPENDITURES. PEBT. 

1801— $94,1 15, 9'J5 $]li:!63,5ll $12,27:i,:}76 $82,038,059 

1802— 72,4:83,100 7ti,333,333 13 27(5,084 80,712.632 

1803— 55,800,038 04,6^6,006 11,258,983 77,054, 68ti 

1804— 77,609,074 185,000,000 12,024,646 86,427,120- 

1805— 95,566.021 1 20,000,000 K'.. 727, 124 82,312',150 
1806—101.630,963 129,410,000 15,070,093 75,723,270 
]8;j7— 108,343,151 ];;8.500,0tv& 11,292,292 69,218,398 
1808— 22,430,900 50,990,000 }6, 764,584 65,196,311 



MADISON'S (THE FDUETH,) ADMINISTEATIOIT, 

Term, 1809 to l^ill— Eight Years. 
58 James Madison, bl751 dlSBG, Va., Pres ,Mar. 4, 1809. 

Vice Presidents. 
50 George Clinton, re-elected, New York, March 4, 1809. 
GO Elbridge Gerry, bl744 dl814, Mass., May 24, 1813. 

Secretaries of State, 
(.1 Robert Smith, (see Index,) Maryland, March 6, 1809. 
C2 James Monroe, bl759 dl831, Va., Nov , 25, 1811 

63 James Monroe, rC'Commissioned, Va., Feb. 25. 1815. 

Secretaries of the Treasury. 

64 Albert Gallatin, Jefferson's Admin., Pa., Mar. 4, 1809. 

65 George W. Ccmpbell, bl768dl848, Tenn., Feb. 9, 1814. 

66 Alexander J. Dallas, bl759 dl817, Penn., Oct. 6, 1814. 



10 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Secretaries of War. 
r,7 William Eustis. bl753 dl825, Mass.. March 7, 1809. 
OS John Aruitroai^, bl758 dl843, N. York, .Jan. 13, 1813. 
09 James .Monroe,' bl758 dl831, Va., Sop. 27, 18U. 

70 William H. Crawford. bl772 dl834, Oa., Mar. 3,1815. 

Si'crctan'cs of the Naoy 

71 Paul Hamilton, died. 1816, S. , March 7, 1809. 

72 William Jones died, 1831. Pa., Jan. 12, 1813 

73 Benj. W. Crowninshield, bl774 dl851, Mass., Dec, 17, 

181-4. 

Poslmastcrs Geneial. 
•■■'■■' 

74 Grideon Granger, Jeiicrson's Administration, Coun., Mar. 

4, 1809. 
7.0 Return J. Moigs, bl740 di825, Ohio, March 17, 1814. 

Altornei/H General. 
70 Caisar X. llodnej, Jefferson's Ad., Del. March 4, 1809. 
77 VviUiam Piuckncy, bl7G5 dl832, Md., Dec. 11, 1811. 
73 llichard Jlush, bl780 dl859, Pa., Feb. 10, 1814. 
Speakers of the House. 

79 Joseph B. Varoum, Jeftcrson's Ad , Mass., 11th Cou- 

greas, 1809. 

80 lleury Clay, bl777 dl852, Ky., 12th Congress, 1811. 

81 Henry Clay, Ky., 13th Congress, 1813. 

82 Langdon Cheves, bl770 dl8 V7, S. C, 13th Congress 1814 

83 Heury CI ly, Ky., 14th Congress, 1815. 
Siinimir^ of Ed nts during Madison's Administration. 

1809. 
"Free Trade and 8ail a-s' Rights." 
America" still suffers i'rom tlie War between France and Eng- 
land. 

1810. 
''Non-intercourse act" renewed ; '-Rambouillet Decree." 
The President proclaims iutercourse with F.auce resumed. 

1811 
The American Minister (iMr. Pinckney,) leaves London and 

the British Minister (Erskine,) leaves Washington. 
Naval Engagement between the '-President" and "Little Belt." 
Indian War — W. H. Harrison Versus Tecumseh. 
B.ittle of Tippecanof, Indiana — Tecumseh defeated. 
Congress refuses to re-eharter the U. S. Bai-k. 



OP THE UNITED STATES. Tl 

1812 

American Embargo (9'0 days.) laid, War against Great Brit- 
ain declared June 17^ 1812 — President's Proelania- 
tion, June 19. 

Admissioa of Louisiana, as a State. 

Surrender of Gen. Hu'l, at Detroit. 

Capture of British frigate Gaerriere, by U. S. frigate Consti- 
tution, also of the "Frolic," "Java" and "Macedonian." 

Battle of Queenstown — Deith of Gov. 01 nton. 

1813 

Battles of Ft. George, York Thames, Ogdensburg, French- 
town and Lake Brie — Burning of Buffalo. 

Capture of the "Peacock" aid "Boxer" — Lgfs of the "Argus" 
and "Chesapeake." 

The "proposed invasion" of Canada, a failure. 

1814. 

The Battles of Chippewa, Lundy Lane, Niagara, Bridge- 
water, Lake Champlain and Baltimore. 

Washington captured and the Capitol burned. 

War with the Creeks — Battle of Horsehoe Bend. 

A British fleet bomb u'd Stonington, Conn., and ravage the 
New ]<]ngland coast. 

The Hartford Convention propose seven amendments to the 
v. S. Constitution. 

Treaty of Ghent signed by Eoglish and American Commi.s- 
sioners. 

1815. 

Death of Robert Fulton — Battle of New (3rleans. 
The President and Senate ratify the Treaty of Ghent. 
Declarati'/u of War against the Dey of Algiers, who i-! com- 
pelled to sign a t/eaty releasing captives, prope-ty, &c 

1816. 

The "Bank of the United States" is chartered for 20 years. 
American Colonization Society, established — Ii founds Li- 
beria in 1822. 
Indiana admitted into the Union. 
^ladisoii removed five from offiee — of these, three defiiulters. 



12 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Madison's Financial AJminist ration. 



TEAR. EXPORTS. 


IMPORTS. 


EXPENDITURES. 


DERT. 


1809— $52,203..'?33 


$ 59,400,000 


$13,867,226 


$ 67,023,193 


1810— 56,657,970 


85.406.009 


13,31 9, 98<> 


53.178,217 


ISll— 61,316,883 


53, -100,000 


13,601,808 


48.005,587 


1812— 38,527,236 


77,030,000 


22,279,121 


i5, 209, 737 


1813— 27,855,927 


22,005 000 


39,190,520 


55,962,827 


]814_ 6,927,441 


12,965,000 


38,028.230 


81,487,846 


1815- 52 557,753 


113;041,274 


30,582,493 


99 833.060 


1816— 81,920,452 


147,103,000 


48,244,495 


127,334,933 



Note — The War of 1812 compelled the borrowing of 
$70,478,209.73, and the issuance of ^ ^;G,(»8ii,79-1: in treasury 
notes. 



MONROE'S 'THE FIFTH,) ADMINISTRATION. 

Term, 1817 to 1825 — Eight years. 

84 James Monroe, bl759 dl831, Va,. Pregident,Mar. 4, 1817. 

85 Daniel D. Tompkins, bl774 dl825. Vice Pres., N. Y., 

Mar. 4, 1817. 

St^cretarj/ of State. 

86 John Quiucy Adams, bl7()7 dl848, Mass. Mxr. 5, 1817. 

Secretary of the Treasury. 

87 William H. Crawford, bi 772 dl834, Gcoroia, March 5, 

1817. 

Secretaries of War. 

88 Isaac Shelby, bi75) dl826, declined, Ky., Mir. 5, 1817. 

89 Geor-^e Graham, Viiviiiia, April 7,1817. 

90 John C. Calhoun, bl782 dlS.oO, S. C, Dec. 15, 1817. 

Secretaries of the A't/cy. 

91 Benjamin W. Crowninshicld, Madison's xidministration, 

Mass., March 4. 1817. 

92 Smith Thompson, bl767 dl818, New York, Nov. 30, 1818. 

93 Samuel L Southard, bI787 dl842, New Jersey, Doe. 9, 

1823. 

Postmasters G-'ueral. 

94 Return J. Meigs, Madison's Ad., Ohio, Mar. 4, 1817. 

95 John McLean "bl785 dl8Gl, Ohio, Dec. 9 1823. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 13 

Attorneys General. 

96 Richard Rush, (338ln<lex,) Penn., Mireh 4, 1817. 

97 William Wirt, bl772 dl835, Va., Nov. 13, 1817. 

Speakers of the Ilovse. 

98 Henry Clny, Madison's Ad., Ky., 15th Congress, 1817. 

99 Henry Clay, Ky., l(Jth Con>;-., 1819. 

100 John W. Taylor, bl784 dl8J4, New Yorl;, 16th Cong., 
1820. 

101 Philip P. Barbour, bl785dl81 1 Va., 17th Cong., 1821. 

102 Henry Clay, Ky., 18th Cong., 1823. 
Sammari/ of Eoents darhig Monroes Administration. 

1817. 

Congress provides for the rapid payment of the Public Debt. 

National Roads and other internal improvements receive in- 
creased attention. 

Pensions granted to the Revolutionary officers and soldiers. 

Mississippi admitted into the Union. 

Gen Jackson hangs Arbuthuot and Ambrister, the English 
emissaries — seizes St. Marks and Pensacola, Florida, and 
terminates the Seminole War. 
1818. 

Boundary and Fishery "Qiestions settled with England. 

Spain cedes Florida and Texas to the U. S., for $5,000,000. 

Laying of th3 center foundition to thi Capitol at Washing- 
ton. 

Admission of Illinois as a State. 

1819. 

Alabama adopts a Stace Constitution and becomes a State. 

1820- 

Passage ofthe "Missouri Compromise Bill" — repealed in 1854. 

Admission of Maine — Death of Com. Perry and Benj. West. 

1821. 

Monroe's 2Dd Term — Admission of Missouri. 

Jackson takes formal possession of Florida. 

1822- 
Announcement ofthe "Monroe Doctrine." 
The United Sta'es acknowlodge the independence of the South 

American Republics. 
New apportionment, 1 Representative to 40.000 — 3d census, 

1 to 35,000— 1st & 2nd census, 1 to 33,000. 



14 TUE ADMINISTBATI0N8 

War by Com. Porter on the Cuban pirates. 

First settlement planted in Lib'^ria — Death of Gen. Stark. 
1824. 

Treaty with Great Britain for the suppression of the Slavw 
Trade. 

N. W. Boundary Question discussed with Eusfia. 

Treaty with the United States of Oolunibia 

Arrival of La Fayette — He visits Twenty-four States — Great 
gifts and honors are bestowed upon him. 

Nine removals from officii — one for slave-trading, one for 
misconduct. 

Public debt reduced §00,000,000 during Monroe's Admin- 
istration. 

Monroe's Financiiil Administration. 



TEAR. 


EXPORTS. 


IMPORTS. 


EXPExVniTt'RES. 


BF.nT. 


1811- 


-$S7,G71,5G0 


$ 99,250,000 


$40,811,640 


$123 491.905 


1818- 


- 92,281,133 


121,750,(100 


35,104.875 


103 4t;0.G33 


1819- 


- 70,141,501 


87.125.000 


24.004,199 


95 529,048 


1820- 


- 69,G6I,<;G9 


74 450.000 


21,103,024 


91.015.566 


1821- 


- 04,974,382 


02 5.S5.724 


19,090.512 


89,987,421 


1822- 


- 72,100.281 


83,241.541 


11.016,592 


9.-! 546,670 


1823- 


- 74 099,030 


77.579 207 


15,314,111 


9;. 815. 811 


J82-1- 


- 75,980,651 


89,549.001 


31,898,538 


90,209,111 



JOHN aUINCY ADAMS' (THE SIZTH,) AI'MINIS- 
TEATION. 

Tirm, 1825 to mi^—Four Years. 

103 John Quincy Adams bl767 dl848, Mass., President, 
March 4, 1825. 

104 John C. Calhoun, bl782 dl850, S. C, Vice President, 
March 4, 1825. 

Secretary of State. 

105 Henry Clay, bl777 dl852, Ky , March 7, 1823. 

Sicretarij of the Treasury. 

106 Richard Rush, Monroe's Administration, Penn., Mar 7, 
1825. 

See notaries of War. 

107 James Barbour, bl775 dl842, Va., March 7, 1825. 



OP THE UNITED STATES. 15 

108 Peter B. Porter, bl773dl8U, New York, May 26, 1828, 

Secretary of tlie Navy. 

109 S;iaiuel L. Southard, Monroe's Administration, New 
Jersey, Maroh 4, 1825. 

Postmaster Genn-al. 
HO JoliJi McLean, Monroe's Adutiinistration, Ohio, March 
4, 1825 

Attomej General. 

ill William Wirt, Monroe's Ad., Va., March 4, 1825. 
Speaker.i of the Uowic. 

112 John W Taylor, bl784 dI854. New York, 19th Con- 
gress, 1327. 

113 Andrew Stevenson, bl781 dl857, Va., 20th Cong., 1828. 

EocJifs dar'tn'j John Quincy A I inn' Admlnistratinn. 
Tucrea ed attention paid to Domestic Manufactures and In- 
ternal Improvements. 

IF 25. 
Return of General La Fayette to France. 

1826. 

Controversy with Georgia concerning the "Creek Lands." 

Celebration of the fiftieth Anniversiry of American ludo- 
pendenee. 

Simultaneous Death (July 4,) of John Adams and Thomaa 
Joft'crson. 

Convention with Great Britain, to settle War claims of 1812. 
1828. 

Death of De Witt Clinton, Governor of New York. 

Adoption of the "American System" of Protection. 

New Tariff Law; it proves obnoxious to the South, and ex- 
ceedingly distasteful to Grea"-. Britain. Virginia and 
South Cirolina protest against its passage. 

President Adams removed two from olfioe, both for cause. 

John Quinci/ Adams' Financial Administration. 

YKAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. EXPEXDITURKS. BEBT. 

1825 — $;»!), 5;}5,338 $9G,340.0T3 $j;j,585,804 $8:*,788,432 

1826— T7,595,32'i 84,974,417 2^,103,398 8l,05J,05i» 

1827— 82,324,727 79,484,068 22,656,764 7:^,;)87,i5^ 

1828— 72,264,686 88,509,824 25,459,479 67,175,043 



16 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

JACKSON'S (THE SEVENTH,) ADMINISTRATION. 

Term, 1829 to ISST— Eight Years. 

114 Andrew Jackson, bl767 dl845, Tena., President, March 
4, 1829. 

Vice PresuhiUs. 

115 John G. Calhoun, (Adams' Ad.,) S. C, Mar. 4, 1829. 

116 Martin Van Bureu bl782 dl866, New York, March 
4, 1833. 

Secretaries of Stale. 

117 Martin Van Buren, (Vice Pres,) N. York, Mar. 6,1829 

118 Edward Livingston. bl764 dl836, La., Jan. 12, 1832. 

119 Louis McLane, bl786 dl857, Del., May 29, 1833. 

120 John Forsyth, bl780 dl841, Georgia, Jan. 27, 1334. 

Secretaries of the Treasury. 

121 Samuel D. Ingham, bl773 dl8G0, Pa., March 6, 1829. 

122 Louis McLane, (Sec. of State,) Del., Aug. 8, 1831. 

■ 123 V\^illiam J. Duane, bl760 dl835, Penn., May 29, 1833. 

124 lloger B. Taney, bl777 dl864, Md., Sept. 23, 1833. 

125 Levi Woodbury, bl789 dl851, N. H., Jan. 27, 1834.' 

Secretaries of War. 

126 John H. Eaton, bl790 dl856, Tenn , Mar. 9, 1829. 

127 Lewis Cass, bl783 dl8iJ6, Ohir>, Aug. 1, 1831. 

Secretaries of the Navy. 

128 John Branch, bl782 dl863, N. C, Mar. 9, 1829. 

129 Levi Woodbury, (Sec. ofTreas.,) N. H., May 23, 183L 

130 Mahlon Dlckers)n, bl769 dl853, N. J., June 30, 183i. 

Postmasters General, 

131 William T. Barry, bl785 dl835, Ky., Mar. 9, 1829. 

132 Amos Kendall, bl788 dl869, Ky., May 1, 1835. 

Attorneys General. 

133 John M. Berrien, bl781 dl856, Ga , Mar. 9, 1829. 

134 Roger B. Taney, (Sec. ofTreas.,) Md., July 20, 1831. 

135 Benjamin F. Butler, died 1858, N. Y., Nov. 15, 1833. 

Speahers of the House. 

136 Andrew Stevenson, (20th Cong,) Va , 2l8t Cong., 182[r., 

137 Andrew Stevenson, bl784 dl857. Va , 22d Cong., 1831. 

138 Andrew Stevenson, do. do. Va., 23d Cong., 1833. 

139 Henry Hubbard, pro tem., N. H., 24th Congress, 1834. 



OP THK UNITED STATES. IT 

140 John Bell, bl797 dl870, Tenn., 24th Congress, 1834. 

141 James K. Polk, bl795 dl349. Tenn., 25th Cong., 1835. 
Stimmarj/ of Eosiits dariaj Jack-ions Adininutration. 

1829. 

General prosperity — debt diminishing — re'cnue increasing 
and 85,000,000 in the Treasury. 

The President inaugurates his ''work of reform," by remov- 
ing 700 office hold-jrs — The example has bjen followed. 

Death of JoHn Jay, Chief Justice of the United States. 

Revolution in Mexico — abolition of Slavery there. 

Kevolutions among the South American States. 

1830. 

Treaty between the United States and Turkey. 

1831. 

Death of Ex-President Monroe — Age, 72. 

Free trade Convention in Philadelphia and Tariff do. in N. Y 
1832. 

War w th the Sacs and Foxes under Ulaekhawk, who is de- 
feated and captured by (jren. A-tkinsoti. 

Trouble with the Cherokees in Georgia — ^5,000,000 and 
General Scott's presence quiets the tribe. 

A commejcial panic begins to be felt in many places 

Asiatic Choi ra visits the United States. 

Death of Charles Carroll of Carrollton — Age, 9G. 

The President vetoes the U. S. Bmk liill with great energy. 

He als ) opposes the system of Internal Improvements. 

Stat3 lliglirsi ;ukI Aiiti-taritF (J )!iventioas in South Carolina. 

The President aroused; aad issues his grand oldproclamati n. 

1833. 

South Carolina holds another States Rights Convention. 

Clay's compromise Tariff bill quiets the South. 

Death of John Randolph — -First Railroad built in the United 

States. ^ 

Santa Anna inaugurated President of Mexico. 
Jackson removes the Deposits from the United States Bank, 

to local banks. 

1?34. 
Vote of Congress censuring Jacks m — Vote rescinded in 1837. 
Death of Gen. La Fayette — Congress honors his memory. 
Deposit ajid Distribution Act — Public monies used and loits 



18 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

1835 

Death of Chief Justice Marshall — Age 80. 

Semiuole War— Great fire in ISTew York, loss. $20,000,000. 

1836. 
U. S. Post and Patent offices burned — 7.000 models and 

10,000 designs lost. 
Death of Ex-President Madison — Age 85. 
Battle of San Jaeinto, Texas — Admissiou of Arkansas as a 

state. 
Treasury order requiring gold and silver for all Grovernment 

dues. 
Extinguishment of the National Debt. 
Forty million dollars in Jackson's Treasury. 
President Jackson delivers his "Farewell Address.'* 

Jackson's Financial Administration. 



YEAR. EXPORTS. 


IMPORTS. 


KXPEKDITURES. 


DEBT. 


1829—$ 72,358,671 


$ 74,492,527 


$25,044,353 


$58,421,413 


1830— 73,849,508 


70,876,920 


24,585,281 


48,565,406 


1831— 81,310,583 


103,191,124 


30,038,446 


39,124,191 


1832— 87,176,943 


101,029,266 


34,356,698 


24,322,235 


1833— 90,140,443 


103,118,311 


24,257,293 


7,001,032 


1834— 104,336,973 


126,521,332 


24,601,933 


4,760,081 


1835— 121,693.577 


149,895,742 


27,573,141 


351,289 


1886— 128,663,040 


189,980,085 


30,934,664 


291,089 



Surplus in Jackson's treasury, Dec., 1835, $19,OOO,Q00. 
Receipts from land sales, in 1836, $21,877,179. 



VAN BUEEN'S (THE EiaHTH,) ADMINISTRATION. 

Term, 1837 to 1811— Four Years. 

142 Martin Van Bureu bl782 dl866, N. Y., President, 
March 4, 1837. 

143 Richard M. Johnson, bl780 dl850, Ky., Vice-President, 
March 4, 1837. 

Secretary/ of State. 

144 John Forsyth, Jackson's Ad., Georgia, March 4, 1837. 

Secretary of the Treasury. 

145 Levi Woodbury, Jackson's Ad., N. H., March 4, 1837- 

Secretary of War. 

146 Joel R, Poinsett bl778 dl851 S. G-, March 7, 1837. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 19 

Secretaries of the Navy, 

147 Mahlon Dickersoa, Jackson's Ad., N. J,, Mar. 4, 1837. 

148 James K. Pauldiug, bn79 dl860, N. Y., June 30, 1838, 

Postmasters General. 

149 Amos Kendall, Jackson's Ad., Ky., Mar. 4, 1837. 

150 John M. Niles, bX787 dl856. Conn., May 25, 1840. 

Attorneys Ge%ieral. 

151 Benjamin F. Butler, Jackson's Ad., N. Y., Mar. 4, 1837. 

152 Felix Grundy, bl777 dl840, Tcnn., Sept. 1, 1838. 

153 Henry D. Gilpin, blSOl dl860, Penn., Jan. 10, 1840. 

Spea/cers of the House. 

154 James K. Polk, (25th Cong.,) Tenn., 26th Cong., 1837, 

155 Kobert M. T. Hunter, born 1809, Va., 27th Cong., 1839. 

Principal Events during Van Bxirens Administration. 

1831. 

Financial Crisis — Jackson's "Specie requiring circular,' 
proves a source of embarrassment. The President re- 
fuses to rescind it. Suspension of specie payments in 
New York and New Orleans — Heavy failures, 

Michigan admitted into the Union. 

Extra Session of Con_gress — Issue of Treasury notes. 
1838. 

Resumption of specie payments — ^Seminole War. 

Troubles in Maine and on the Canada border — The "Caroline*' 
burned. 

Arrival, at New York, of the Steam Ship, Great Western, 
1839. 

The Banks again (October,) suspend specie payments. 

1840. 

Adoption of Van Buren's Sub-Treasury Bill. 

Ant-arctic Continent discovered by W^ilkes' (U. S.,) Explo^- 

ing Expeditien. 
Increased appropriation for Internal improvements. 

Van Buren's Financial Administration. 

TEAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS EXPENDITURES. DEBT. 

18:57— fin, 419,316 $M0,989,2n $3*?,265,03'I $ 1,878,223 

1838— 108,486,616 113,717,404 39,455,438 4,857,660 

1839— 121,088,416 162,092,132 37,614,936 11,983,737 

1840— 133,085,936 107,6415519 23,226,553 5,135,07'? 



80 THE ADMIN1STBATION8 

HARSISON'S CTHE NINTH,) ADMINISTHATION. 

Term, March 4 to April 4, ISil—Oiie Month. 

156 William Henry Harrison, bl773 dl8il, Ohio, Presi- 
dent, March 4, 1841. 

157 John Tyler, bl790 dl8iJ2, Va., Vice-Pros., Mar. 4, 1841. 

Si'cretary of State. 

158 Daniel Webster, bl783dia)2, Mass , March 5, 1841, 

Secretary of the Treasury. 

159 Thomas Ewiug, born 1789, Ohio, March 5, 18 U. 

Secretary of War. 

160 John Bell, bi797 dl370, Tenu., March 5, 1841, 

Secretary of the Navy, 

161 George E, Badger, born 1795, N. C, (resigned,) Mar, 5^ 
1841. 

Pos'nia^ter General. 

162 Pranris Granger, bi787 dl868, N. Y., (resigned,) Mar, 
6, 1841. 

Attorney General. 

163 John J. Crittenden. bl78Sdl863, Kentucky, (resi-ned,) 
March 5, 1841. 

Speakfr of the House. 

164 John White. bl8i»5 dl845, Ky., 28Ui Congress, 1841. 
Harrison's inaugural, "a clear, coDcise and comprehensive 

document." 
president Harrison summons an extra session of Congress. 
His b'udden death produces general consternation and sorrow, 



TYLER'S (THE TENTH,) ADMINISTRATION. 

Term, 1841-1845— r/w-ee Years and 11 Momhii. 

165 John Tyler, (former Vice-Pres.,)Va., Prosidout, April 4, 
1841. 

Actinff Vice Presidents. 

166 Samuel L. Southard, (Pros, of Senate,) N. J., April 4 
1841. 

IC7 Willie P. Mangum, bl71>3 dl861, (Pres., of Senate,) N, 
C, March 31, 1843. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 21 

Secretaries of State. 

168 Daniel Webster, Harrison's Ad., 3Ias3., April 4, 1841, 

169 Huo-h S. Legare, bl797 dl848, S. C, May 9, 1843. 

170 Abel P. Upahur, died 1844, Va , Ju'y 24, 1843. 

171 John C. Calhoun, (see Index,) S. C, March 6, 1844. 

Secretaries of the Treasury. 

172 Thomas E ving, Harrison's Ad , Ohio, April 4, 1841. 

173 Walter Forward, bl786dl812. Pa., Sept. 13, 1841. 

174 John C. Spencer, bl788, dl855, N. Y., March 3, 1843, 

175 George M. Bibb, bl772 dl85-), Ky., June 15, 1844. 

Secretaries of War. 
17G John Bell, Harrinon's Ad., Tenn., April 4, 1841. 

177 John McLean, declined, Ohio, Sept. 13, 1841. 

178 JohnC. Spencer, Sec. of'Treasury, X. Y., Oct. 12, 1841. 

179 James M. Porter, rejected, Penn., Mar. 8, 1843. 

180 William Wilkins, bl779 dl865, Pa., Feb. 15, 1844. 

Secretaries of the Navi/, 

181 George E. Badger. Harrison's Ad., N. 0., April 4, 1 841. 

182 AbefP. Upshur, Secretary of State, Va., Sept. 13, 1841. 

183 David Henshaw, bl790 dl852, Mass., July 24, 1843. 

184 Thomas W. Gilmer, died 1844, Va., Feb. iS, 1844. 

185 John Y. Mason, bl795 dl859, Va., Mar. 14, 1844. 

Postm asters General. 

186 Francis Granger, Harrison's Ad., N. Y., April 4, 1841, 

187 Charles A. Wickliffe, bl788 dl869, Ky., Sept. 13, 1841. 

Attorneys General. 

188 John J, Crittenden, Harrison's Ad., Ky,, April 4, 1841, 

189 Hugh S. Legare, bl797 dl843, S. C, Sept. 13, 1841. 

190 John Nelson, Maryknd, July 1, 1843.- 

191 John Y. Mason, Sec. of Navy, Va., March 5, 1845. 

Speakers of the House. ^ 

192 John White, bl805 dl845, Ky., 28th Congress, 1841. 

193 John W. Jones, died 1848, Va., 29th Congress, 1843. 

194 George W. Hopkins, bl804 dl861. Va,, 29th Congress, 
1843. 

Summary of Events during Tyler s Term. 
1841. 
Extra session of Congress pursuant to Harrison's call. 
Declaration of principles and policy by President Tyler. 



22 THE ADMlNlStRATIONS 

Van Burcn's Sub-Treasury Act repealed. 

Presidont Tyler vetoes two Bankrupt and two "U S. Bank" 

Bills, and thereby loses many friends. 
His entira Cabinet, \Va')>t.'r exsjpteJ, resign. 
Troubles with (jreat IJritaiu eoncerning the "Crenle" and 

'■Caroline." 
Failure of the U. S. Bank, chartered by Pennsylvania. 

1542. 

New apportionment of representatives — ono to 70.680. 

Settlement of Northeastern boundary by the Webster- Ash- 
burton treaty. 

U. S. Exploring Expedition returns, having sailed 90,000 
miles in tour years. 

Tariff of 183() moditiod. Repeal of the Bankrupt Law. 

Dorr rebellion in Rhode Island. 

Insurrection of Anti-renters in New Y'ork. 

Mormon excitement at Nauvoo, Illinois. 

1843 

Banker Hill Monument Celebration — The President and 

Cabinet attend. 
Death of Attorney-Gen. Lcgare — Death of Noah Webst<>r. 

18i4. 

Explosion of the Steamship "Pi-ineeton," killing Mr. Upshur 
(Secretary of State.) and Mr. Gilmer, Secretary of the 
Navy and others. 

Successful trial of Morse's Magnetic Telegraph. 

Important treaty with China, negotiated by Caleb Gushing. 

1845. 

"Annexation" of Texas by "joint resolution" of Congress, 

Admission of Florida, as a State. 

Henry Clay and James K. Polk, Presidential Candidates. 

Harrison and Tyler's Financial Administration. 

TEAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. EXPESDITDRK3. DKBT. 

1841— $121,851,803 $121,y46,.m $31,187,5:^0 $ C, 7:57,393 

1842— 104,G91 5;<1 100,152,0S1 32,036,876 1 r),ii2.^,486 

1843— 84,3i(>,480 64,753.799 12,118,105 27,2O.i,4.50 

1844— 111, 200,046 108,435,0:55 33,642,010 24,748,183 

1845— 114,640,006 117,254,564 30,490,408 17,0f>:%7<)4 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 21J 

POLK'S 'THE ELEVENTH,) ADMINISTHATION. 

nnn, 1845 /o lM9—Four Years. 
195 James K. Polk bl7y5 dl849, Tenn., President, March 
4, 1845. 

196 George M. Dallas, bl793 dl865, Pa. Vice Pres. March 
4, 1845. 

Secretary of State. 

197 James Bu -hanan, bl79l'dl868 Penn , March 5, 1845, 

Secretary of the Treasury. 

198 Robert J. Walker. blSOl dl869, Miss. Mar. 5, 1845. 

Secretary of War. 

199 William L. Marcy, bl786 dl857, N. Y., March 5, 1845. 

Secretaries of the Navy. 

200 George Bancroft, born 1800, 31ass., March 10, 1845. 

201 Johu Y. Mason, Tyler's Ad., Va., September 9, 1846 

Paitmaster General. 

202 Cave Johnson, born 1793, Tenn March 5, 1845. 

Attorneys General 

203 John y. Mason, Sec. of Navy, Va., March 5, 1845. 

204 Natlian Clitford, bl8U3, Maine, October 17, 1840. 

205 Isaac Toucey, bl796 dl869, Conn., June 21, 1848. 

Speakers of the House. 

206 John W. Davis, bl799 dl859, Ind., 29th Congresp, 1845 

207 Robert C. vViuthrop, bl8U9, Mass., 3Uth Cong., 1847. 

208 Armisted B'lrt pro tern., 30th Cong ess, 1847. 

Priw ipal Eoents Jurin/ PolJcs Adniia'tstration. 

J845. 

Death of General Jackson, ''The Hero of New Oi leans." 
Texas admitted, as a territory, into the Union. 
Difficulties with Mexico — Gen. Taylor occupies the di.sputed 
territory. 

1846. 

Adjustment of the 54*^ 40' Boundary Question. 

War proclaimed against Mexico. Advance of Gen. Taylor. 

Siege of Fort IJrown — Battl(« of Palo Alto, Resaca de la 

Pa'nia. Fall of Monterey. 
Gen. Kearney occupies New Mexico, and Fremont,California. 
Iowa admitted into the Union. 



24 . THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Annexation of New Mexico to the United States. 
Establishment of the Smithsonian Institute, by James Smith- 
son. 
Tariff of 1842 altered — Sub-Treasury System restored. 

1847. 

Battles of Buena Vista, Vera Cruz, Cerro Gordo, Contreras, 

Cherebusco, ('hapultepec and Mexico. 
Naval operations, against Mexicp, in the Gulf and on the 

Pacific coast, by Corns Perry, Sloat and Stockton. 

1848. 

Discovery of gold in California. 
Treaty of peace ratified with Mexico. 
Death of John Quincy Adams, •' The Old Man Eloquent." 
Organization of the Free Soil (Wilmot proviso,) party. 
Admission of Wisconsin as a State, and Minnesota as a ter- 
ritory. 
Presidential candidates,Casi and Butler, Taylor and Fiilmore. 

Polk's Pinancial Admmistration, 

YCAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. ESPKNDITURES. DEBT. 

184G-$113, 488.516 $121,691,797 $27,632,282 $16,750,928 

J8-47— 158,648,622 146,545,6.38 60,520,851 38,!i26,62:i 

1848— 154,032,131 154.998,928 60,655,143 48,526,8"^) 

1849— 145,755,820 147,857,439 56,.386,422 64,704,693 

Note. — The Mexican War increased the National debt 
from 16 to 64 million dollars. 



TAYLOR'S (Tee Twelfth,) ADMINISTRATION. 

Term, March 5, 1849 to July 9, 1850. 

209 Zachary Taylor, bl784 dl850, La.,Pres. March 5, 1849. 

210 Millard Fillmore,bl800 N. Y.,Vice.pres. Mar. 5, 1849. 

Secretary of State, 

211 John M. Clayton, bl796 dl856, Del., March 7, 1849. 

Secretary of the Treasury. 

212 William M. Meredith, Pennsylvania, March 7, 1849. 

Secretary of War. 

213 George W. Crawford, born 1798, Ga., March 7, 1849. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 25 

Secretanj of the Navy 

214 William B. Preston, -born 1800, Va., March 7, 1849. 
Secretary of tiie '■'■Hume," or Interior, Department: 

215 Thomas Ewing, born 1789, Ohio, March 7, 1849. 

Postmaster General. 

216 Jacob Collamer, bl792 dl8G5, Vermont, March 7, 1849. 

Attornei^ General. 

217 Reverdy Johnson, born 1796, Maryland, Mar. 7, 1849, 

Speaker of the House. 

218 Howell Cobb, bl815 dl868, Georgia. 31st Cong., 1849. 

Events during Taylor s Administration. 
1849. 

Taylor's inaugural address sihorter than any preceding ad- 
dress, except Madison's. 

Proclamation against Lopez and his Cuban marauders. 

Dismissal of the French ambassador at Wahington. 

Creation of a new office, the Home, or "Interior," Depart- 
ment. 

1850- 

Death of Ex-President Polk, age 54. at Nashville, Tenn. 

Death of John C Calhoun, in Washington, age 68. 

Treaty with Great Britain, to secure the Nicaragua Canal. 

The celebrated ''Omnibus Bill," comes before Congress. 

Death of the President, July 9, from exposure on ludepcn- 
denee Day, 

Last Words — ''I am prepared — T have always endeavored to 
do my duty— I am sorry to leave my fi lends." 



PILLMOSE'S (The Thirteenth,) ADMHTISTEATIOIT. 

Term, July 9, 1850 to March 4, 1853. 

219 Millard Fillmore, N. Y., President July 9th, 1850. 
Acting Vice President, and President of the Senate. 

220 William R. King, bl786 dl853, Ala., July 9, 1850. 

Sejrp.taries of State. 

221 John M. Clayton, Taylor's Ad., Del., July 9, 1850. 

222 Daniel Webster. Tyler's Ad., Mass., July 15, 1850. 
22.i Edward Everttt, bl794 dl865, Mass., November, 1852 

3 



2€ THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Secretaries of the Treasury, 

224 William M. Meredith, Taylor's Ad., Pa., July 9, 1850. 

225 Thomas Corwin, bl794 dl865, Ohio, July 15, 1850. 

Secretaries of War. 

226 George W. Crawford, Taylor's Ad., Ga., July 9, 1850. 

227 Charles M. Conrad, boru 1804, La., July 15, 1850. 

Secretaries of the Navy. 

228 William B. Preston, Taylor's Ad., Va , July 9, 1850. 

229 Wi Ham A. Graham, born 1800, N C , July 15, 1850. 

230 John P. Kennedy, born 1795, Md., Noveu.ber, 1852. 

Secretaries of the Interior. 

231 Thomas Ewin^, Taylor's Ad., Ohio, July 9, 1850. 

232 Alex. H. H. Stuart, born 1807, Va., July 15, 1850. 

Postmasters General. 

233 Jacob Collamer, Taylor's Ad.,Vt , July 9,1850. 

234 Nathan K. Hall, boru 1810, N. Y., July 15, 1850. 

235 Samuel D. Hubbard, bl799 dl855, Conn., Nov., 1852. 

Attorneys General. 

236 Reverdy Johnson, Taylor's Ad., Md., July 9, 1850. 

237 John J. Crittenden, Tyler's Ad., Ky., July 15, 1850. 

Speakers of the House. 

238 Howell Cobb, bl815 dl868, Ga., 31st Congress, 1849. 

239 Robert C. Winthrop. pro tern., Mass., 31st Cong., 1849. 

240 Linn Boyd bl800 dl859, Ky., 32d Congress, 1851. 

Summary of Evnt^ during Fillmore's Administration. 

1850- 

Prompt and quiet transfer of the Executive power to Mr. 

Fillmore. 
Btormy times in Congress — a ten months session 
Defeat of Mr. Clay's Omnibus Bill. 
California admitted iis the 31st State. 

Ten million dollars offered Texas, in settlement of boundaries. 
8kve trade abolished in the District. New Mexico becomes 

a territory. 
Destruction of part of the Capitol, and all of the United 

States Library, by fire. 
The President, not unwillingly, signs the Fugitive Slave 

Bill. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 2T 

1852- 

Death, at Washington, of Henry Clay. Age 75. 

Controversy with Peru, concerning the Lobos Islands. 

Lopez and his fillibusters make a second invasion of Cuba. 

Death, at Mafshfield, Mass., of Daniel Webster. Age 70. 

Kossuth, the Hungarian patriot, visits the United States. 

Publication of Mrs. Stowe's "■ Uncle Tom's Cabin." 

Temporary trouble with Great Britain, in regard to the Fish- 
eries. 

Everett expounds the "Monroe Doctrine" to France and 
Eng'and. 

Address of English to American women, on the Slavery quea^ 
t'on. 

Formation of the so called " Tri-partite Treaty." 

Whig candidates : Scott and Graham. — Democratic: Piero6 
and King. 

Taylor and Fillmore's Financial Administratwn. 

YEAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. EXPENDlTtJRE^. DEBT. 

1850— $151,898,790 $178,138,318 $44,604,718 $64,228;2"*l 

1851— 218,388,011 210,224 932 48,47G,104 62,560;396 

1852—209 658,306 212,945,442 46.712,008 65,130,6W 

1853— 230,976,157 267,978,347 54,577,061 67,340,628 



PIBECE'S (The PoTirteenth,) ADMINISTEATIOIT, 

Term, 1853 tq 1857— /"owr Years. 

241 Franiilin Pierce, bl804 dl8G9, N. H.,Pres.,Mar. 4, 1863. 

Vice Presidents. 

242 William R. King, Fillmore's Ad., Ala., March 4, 1853 

243 Jesse D. Bright, born 1812, Ind.,(Pres. of Senate,) April 
13, 1853. 

Secretary of State. 

244 William L. Marcy, bl786 dl857, N. Y., Mar. 7, 1863. 

Secretary of the Treasury. 

245 James Guthrie, bl793 dl869, Ky., March 7, 1853. 

Secretary of War. 

246 Jefferson Davis, born 1808, Miss., March 7, 1853. 

Secretary of the Navy. 

247 James C. Dobbin, bl814, dl857, N. C, Mar. 7, 185a. 



M THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

S''cretu7y of the Interior. 

248 Robert McClelland, Michigan, Maich 7, 1853. 

Postmaster General. 

249 James Campbell, born 1812, Pa., March 7, 1853. 

Attorney General. 

250 Caleb Cushing, born 1800, 3Ias8 , March 7, 1853. 

Speakers of the House. 

251 Linn Bayd,(32J Coiv^ress,)Ky., 33<1 Corvgress, 1853 

252 Nathaniel V. Banks, born 1816, Mass., 34th Co g., 1855 

Leading Eocnts of Pierce s Administration. 

1853. 

AcTjnsfen^ent of the Koszta difficulty with Austi-ia. 
Commodore Perry enters Jeddo Bay, under protest from 

the Japanese. 
Inauguration of the World's Fair, at the N. Y. Crystal Palace. 
Duel f etwcen M. Soule (American Minister at Madrid,) and 

M. Turgot. 
Organization of the American, or "Know Nothing/' Party^ 

1854. 
Walker proclaims the Republic of Sonora — Opemi>g of tho 

Astor Library, New York. 
Important treaty between the United States and Japan. 
Troubles wiih Spain, growing out of the '"Black Warrior" 

Seizure. 
Pasfa;e of the Kansas and Nebraska Bill. 
Repeal of the Missouri Compromise. 
"Reciprocity Treaty" with Great Britain coneladed. 
Establitshm nt of the M;jssachuset(s Aid Society. 
Annexation of the Sandwich Islaads proposed — Capt. Hollins 
and the "Cyane." 

1855. 
Serious electicn riots in Kansas — Trouble with the Indians. 
British enlistment question — Gen. Harney deieats the Sioux. 

1856. 
Savage assault in the Senate, by Preston Brooks of S. C, upon 

Charles Sumner. 
Atlantic Telegraph projected — Cable laid August 5, 1858. 
Dismissal of Mr. Crampton, British Minister at Washington. 
Civil War in Kansas — Governor Geary quells it. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 2ft 

geward and Douglas present bills for the admission of Kansaa, 

as a State — Stormy times in Congress. 
Kansas battles aud temporary defeat of John Brown. 
Advent of the Kepublican Party. 
Presidential Candidates— Fremont and Dayton— Buchanaft 

and Breckenridge. 

Pierces Financial Administration. 

»KAB. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. EXPENDITURES. DKBT. 

t854— $278,24l,06-i $304,562,381 $15,473,119 $47,242,206. 

1855— 275,156,846 261,468 520 66,164,775 89,969,731 

1856— 326,964,908 314 639,943 72,726,341 30,963,900 

1857— 362,960,608 360,890,141 71,271,587 29,060,386. 



-0- 



BUCHANAN'S (Tlie Fifteenth,) ADMINISTHATIOIT. 

Ttrm, 1857 to \^^l—Four Years. 

253 James Buchanan, bl791 dl868, Pa.,Pres., Mar. 4, 1857.| 

254 John C. Breckenridge, bora 1821, Ky., Vice-President, 
March 4, 1857. 

Secretaries of State. 

255 Lewis Cass, bl783 dl866, Michigan, March 5, 1857. 

256 Jeremiah S, Black, born 1810, Pa., December 17, 1860. 

Secretaries of the Treasury. 

257 Howell Cobb, bl815 dl868, Ga., March 5, 1857. 

258 Philip F. Thomas, born 1810, Md., December 12, 1860. 

259 John A. Dix, born 1798, New York, January 11, 1861. 

Secretaries of War. 

260 James B. Floyd, bl805 dl863, Va., March 5, 1859. 

261 Joseph Holt, born 1807, Kentucky, Dec, 31, 1860. 

Secretary of the Navy. 

262 Isaac Toucey,>1796 dl869. Conn , March 5, 1857. 

Secretary of the Interior. 

263 Jacob Thompson, born 1810, Miss., March 5, 1857. 

Postmasters General. 

264 Horatio King, Maine, declined, March 4, 1857. 

265 Aaron V. Brown, bl705 dl359, Tenn., March 5, 1857. 

266 Joseph flolt, born 1807, Kentucky, March, 1859. 

267 Horatio King, Maine, February 12, 1861. 



3C^ THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Attorneys General. 

268 Jeremiiih S. Black, born 1810, Pa., March 5, 1857. 

269 Edwin M. Stanton, bl814 dl869, Pa., Dec. 20, 1860 

Speakers of the House. 

270 James L. Orr, born 1822, S. C, 35th Congress, 1857. 

271 William Pennington, bl797 dl862, New Jersey, 36th 
Congress, 1859. 

Principal Events of Buchanan's Administration. 

1857- 

Panic and Commercial revulsion throughout the United Statea- 

Lord Napier. British Minister, arrives at Washington — Cen- 
tral Auicrican question settled. 

"Dred Scott Decision" by the United States Supreme Court. 

Mormon rebellion in Utah — United States troops subdue it. 

Irish riot in Washington — Police riot in New York. 

Passage of "Personal Liberty Bills," by several Northera 
States. 

1858. 

Difficulty with Paraguay — United States fleet ordered thither. 
"'Right of Search" question settled — All quiet in Utah. 
The President is authorized to issue ^20,000,000 in treasury 

notes. 
International rejoicing at the completion of the Atlantic TeK 

egraph Cable. 
Passage of the famous Kanaas-Lecompton Bill. 
Kansas votes down the Lecompton Constitution. 
Seizure of the American Slave Ship, "lOcho," by Lt. Moffat. 
Congress donates public lands to found Agricultural Colleges. 
Admissioa of Minnesota as the 32nd State. 

1859. 

Oregon becomes the 33i State on the Roll. 

Death of Prescott, the Historian. Acquittal of D. E. Sickles. 

Commodore Tatnall aids the English in their War with China. 

Difficulty at San Juan Island adjusted by General Scott. 

Formal inauguration of the "irrepressible conflict." 

John Brown's raid into Virginia — Insurrection at Harper'a 

Ferry. 
Capture, trial and Execution of John Brown. 



or THE UNITED STATES, SI 

1860. 

Arrival of the Japauese Embassy, (71 persons,) at New York. 
Contest for the Speakership, continues from November, 1859, 

to February 1, 1860. 
President Buchanan protests against inquiry into his official 

acts. 
Execution of the Companions of John Brown. 
Presidential Candidates — -Lincoln & Hamlin, Bell & Everett, 

Douglas & Breckenridge. Dissension at Baltimore Con- 
vention. 
Sensations — The Great Eastern and the Prince of Wales. 
Election of Abraham Lincoln — "The Southern heart fired." 
Intense excitement in S. Carolina and other Southern States, 
The Charleston (S. C.,) Convention declares the Union dis- 

solved. 
Other Liisunion Conventions held throughout the South. 
Bank Suspensions in Washington, Philadelphia and other 

places 
Major Anderson transfers his command from Moultrie to 

Sumpter, December 26. 

1861. 

ti. York and other Northern States, protest against Secession- 
National Fast observed. Kansas admitted as a State — Vicks- 

burg fortified. 
Six Seceded States (Missouri, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, 

Louisiana and Texas,) met by delegation, at Montgomery, 

Alabama, (Feb. 4,) and form the "Confederate States of 

America." 
Jeff Davis is elected (Feb. 8,) Provisional President. 
Peace Conference (21 Stiites representcfl,) at Washington. 
Passage, by Congress, of the New Morrill Tariff. 
Jeff Davis prepares for War, and calls for 100,000 men. 
President Buchanan allows events to take their course. 
Floyd, Twiggs and- other rebel traitors, seize what they will, 

with scarcely a protest from the Executive. 

Buchanan's Financial Administration. 

TilAR. EXPORTS. IMl'ORTS. EXPENDITURES. DERT. 

1858— $324,644,421 $282,61:5,150 $82,062,186 $44,910,111 

185'.>— 3:)6.189,461 338,168,130 83 618,643' 58,154,699 

1860— 490,122.296 362,162,541 11,055,125 64,169,103 

1861— 243,911,211 286,598,135 85,381,313 90,861,823 



32 THK ADMINISTRATIONS 

LINCOLN'S (Tne Sixteenth,) ALMINISTEATION, 

Term, March 4, 1861 to April 15, 1865. 

272 Abraham Lincoln, born 1809, died 1865, Illinois, Presi- 
dent, March 4, 1861. 

Vice Presidents. 

273 Hannibal Hamlin, born 1809, Maine, March 4. 1861. 

274 Andrew Johnson, born 1808, Tenn., March 4, 1865. 

Secretary/ of State. 

275 William H. Seward, born 1801, N. York, Mar. 4, 1861. 

Secretaries of the Treasury. 

276 Salmon P. Chase, barn 1801, Ohio, Mar. 4, 1861. 

277 William Pitt Fessenden, bl806 dl869, Me.,July 5,1804- 

278 Hugh McCuUoch, Indiana, March 4, 1865. 

Secretaries of War. 

279 Simon Cameron, born 1799, Pa., March 4, 1861. 

280 Edwin M. Stanton, bl814 dl869, Ohio, Jan. 11, 1862. 

Secretary of the Navy. 
881 Gideon Welles, Connecticut, March 4, 1861. 

Secretaries of the Interior. 
283 Caleb B. Smith, bl808 dl864, lud.. March 4, 1861. 

283 John P. Usher, Indiana, January 8, 1863. 

Postmasters General. 

284 Montgomery Blair, born 1812, Md., March 4, 1861. 
283 William Denuison, (Ex-Gov. of Ohio,) Oct. 1, 1864. 

Attorneys General. 

286 Edward Bates, bl793 dl869, Missouri, March 4, 1861. 

287 Titian J. Coffee, {ad interim.) June 22 1863. 

288 James Speed Keutuoky, December 14, 1864. 

Speakers of the House. 

289 Galusha A. Grow, born 1823. Pa., 37th Congress, 1861. 

290 Schuyler Colfax, born 1833, Indiana, 39th Cong., 1863. 

Some of the Events of Lincoln's Administration. 
l«6i. 
March. Inauguration. Conciliatory address from President 
Lincoln. -General Scott calls the President's attention to 
'•four courses" to be pursued, in dealing with the "Way- 
Ward Sisters." General Beauregard assumes command 
at Charleston. 



Of THE UNITED STATES. 33 

April 12th & 13th — Bombardment and surrender of Fort 
Sumpter. 15th, Call for 75,000 volunteers. 17th, Se- 
cession of Virginia. ISth, IJcbels seize Harper's Ferry. 
19ih, Sixth Massachusetts Regiment attacked in B ilti- 
Uiore. Seizure and Burning uf Norfolk Navy Yard. 

May. Call for 42,000 three year's men. Arkansas and 
North Carolina secede. England declares her neu- 
trality and France follows suit. 

June. Battles of Phillippi, Big Bethel and llomney, Virginia. 

July. Congress in Extra Session — -250 million dollar-loan au- 
thorised. Battles of Carthage, Mo., Rich Mountain, 
Carricksford and Bull Bun, A'ir^inia. 

August. Battles of Dug Spring and Wilson's Creek, Mo., 
Ilatterys Inlet, Noith Carolina. 

Septem er. Battles of Carn Hex Ferry, Va., Lexington Mo. 
Fremont's Proclamation issued. 

October. Battles of Greeubviar and Ball's BluflF, Va., Santa 
llosa Island. Pirate I^ashville afloat. Bcsignatiou of 
Eieut. Geoeral Scoit October 31st. General McClellaa 
Bucceeds him, November 1st. 

Nov. Battles of Belmont, Mo., and Port Royal, S. C. "Mason 
& 81 idell affair." Jeff Davis elected President of the 
Confederacy for six years. 

December. Dranesville, Mo. Senator Breckenridge expelled. 
Fire at Charleston, South Carolina. 
New York Banks stop specie payments. Congress au- 
thorizes the issue of 150 million dollars in Greenbacks 
and 500 million in Bonds. 

18S2. 

January. Battle of Mill Springs, Ky. Stanton succeeds Cam- 

eron. 
February. Battles of Roanoke Island, N. C, Ft. Henry and Ft. 

Donelson, Tennessee. 
March. Bat Jes of Pea Ridge, Ark., Newborne, N. C, Win- 

Chester, Virginia. Naval fight — the Merrimac with the 

Congress and 31onitor. 
April. Penin.sular Campaign — Shiloh, Island No. 10, Forts 

Pulaski, Jackson and St. Phillip, Beanfort and New 

Orleans. 
May.Battles of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Norfolk, Fair Oaks 

and Seven Pines. General Butler is the acknowledged 

master of New Orleans. Capture of Pensacola, Fla. , and 



34 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Corinth, Miss. Seward-Lyons treaty, for the suppresT- 

sion of the Shive Trade. 
June. Lee in coiiiuiand. Battles of Oak Grove, Meehanica- 

ville, Gaine's Mill, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, 

Cross Roads. Surrender < f 3Iemphis, Tenn. Occupa. 

tion of Holly Springs, Mississippi. 
July. Buttle of Malvern Hill,Va. Call for 300,000 men. Hal- 

leck ill command. Creation of the Internal Revenue 

Bureau. 
August. 300,000 Draft ordered. Battles of Cedar Mountain 

and Manassas, Virginia. 
September. Lee invades Maryland. Battles of South Moun- 
tain, Md., Harper's, Ferry, Va., Antietam Creek, Md., 

Mumfordsviile, Ky. and luka, Mississippi. 
October. Battles of Coriath, Miss., and Perryvi'le, Ky. 
November. France proposes mediation to England and Prus- 
sia. Proposition rejected. 
Doaeiuber. Battle.^ of Fredericksburg, Va , Vicksburg, Miss. 

Murfreesboro, Tenn. West Virginia set off .and adnlit- 

ted as a State. 

1863. 
January. Great Emancipation Proclamation. Battles of Stone 

River and Arkansas Post. 
February. Battles of Ft. McAllister, Lebanon, Tenn., Straa- 

burg, Va. Capture of the " Nashville." Passage of the 

National Currency Bill, creating National Banks. 
March. Farragut at Port Hudson. Conscription Bill passed. 

Habeas Corpus Act suspended. National Academy of 

Sciences established. 
April. Fleet attack on Sumter. Streight and Grierson Raids. 
May. B ittles of Port Gibson, Chance lorsville, Va., Raymond 

and Jaclison, Miss., Champiun Hill, Big Black River, 

Miss. Capture of Col. Streight. 
June. Lee's second invasion of Maryland. The "Atlanta" 

captured. 
July. Batt es of Gettysburg, Pa., Vicksburg, Port Hudson, 

Miss., and Helena, Ark. N. Y. City Riot. Morgan cap^ 

tured in Ohio. 
September. Battles of Ft. Wagner, Sabine Pass, Little Rock, 

and Chicamauga. 
October. Battles of Shelby ville, Tenn., Pine Bluff, Ark. 

300;000 more men. Grant succeeds Rosencrans. 



Of the united states. 35 

November. Battles of Brownsville, Texas, Knoxville, Look- 
out Mountain and Missionary Ridge, Tenn. 

December. President's Amnesty Proclamation. Longsfreet 
abandons Knoxville. 

1864. 

January. Fights at Jonesville and Pittsburg, Va., Sevierville 
and Tunnel Hill, Tenn. 

February President orders a draft of 500,000 men, Mar. lO 
Battles of Olustee, Fla., Tunnel Hill, Tenn. Smith and 
Grierson raids. 

March. Grant Lieut Gen. Call for 200,000 men. Battles of 
Ft. Do llussey and Cane River. 

April. Battles of Sabine Cross Roads, Pleasant Hill, Ply- 
mouth, N. C. Massacre at Ft. Pillow 

May. Battles of the Wilder nes?, Spottsylvania Court House, 
New Market, Virginia, Resaca and Dallas, Ga. Sher- 
man leaves Chattanooga. 

June. Graiit south of the James. Alabama and Kearsarge. 
Sturgis defeated. Battles of Cold Harbor, Columbia, 
Ark., Piedmont, Va., Reams Station, Va., Lost Moun- 
tain and Kenesaw, Ga. Decision of the House of Rep- 
resentatives to abolish slavery. 

July. Early in Maryland. Uniou defeat at Monocacy, Md. 
Fessenden succeeds Chase as Secretary of the Treasury. 
Battles of Atlanta, Ga., Chambersburgh, Pa., Peters- 
burg, Va. The President calls for 500,000 more men 

August. Battles of Mobile Bay, Forts Gaines and Morgan, 
Weldon, N. C., Jonesbo'ro, Ga. 

September. Battles of Atlanta, Ga., Winchester, Fisher's 
Hill, and Chapin's Bluff, Va. 

October. J.'attl'S of Cedar Creek, Va. St. Alban's raid, 
Platcher's Run, Va., Plymouth, N. C. The ram Albe. 
marie sunk. Nevada admitted. 

November. Battle of Franklin, Tenn, Attempt to burn N. 
Y. City. President Lincoln re-elected. Gen McClel- 
lan throws up his commission. 

December. Battles of Fort McAllister. Fort Fisher, Nash- 
ville, Tenn., Savannah, Ga. Sec. Chase appointed Chief 
Justice. Call for 300,000 men. 
1865. 

January. Dutch Gap Explosion. Grierson's raid. Blair's 
Peace Mission. Capture of Fort Fisher. Meeting of 



36 TfiE ADMINISTRATIONS 

State Adjutant Generals. I?ebel Congress dcruh to 
employ negro soldiers. Lee confirmed Gencral-in chief 
of llebel forces. U. S. Congress adopt the XIII Amend- 
ment. 

Februiuy. Peace Conference between Lincoln, Seward and 
the Rebel commissioners at Fortress Monroe. Eogage- 
ments at Columbia and Charleston, S. C, and Wilming- 
ton, N. Carolina. 

Marcli. Engagements at Bentonsville, Goldsboro, and Moore's 
Cross Roads, N. C. Second inauguration of President 
]JucoIn ; oah administered by Justice Chase. Establish- 
ment of the Freedmcn's Bureau. Oen. Lee and the Con- 
federacy are now eager to employ negro troops. Gen. 
Sherman on his great march to the sea. Sheridan raids 
through Va., and Gen. Wilson through Ala., and Ga. 

April. The " New Morrill Tariff " goes into operation. Bat- 
tles around Richmond and at Five Forks, Va. Union 
occupation of Petersburg and Richmond, Va. President 
Lincoln walks tbe str ets of the cap ured capital. Bat- 
tles of Deatonsville and Farinsville.Va. Surrender, (April 
9th.) of Lee to Grant, at Appomattox Court Iluuse. 
Capture of Mobile and Montgomery, Ala., and Raleigh, 
N. C. 

14th, Union flag replaced on Fort Sumter. 
14th, Assissination of good President Lincoln. Great 
mourning throughout the land. 

Lincoln's Financial Administration. 

YEAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. E.XPENDITURES. DEIJT. 

1862—1229,938.985 $275,357,051 $ 570,841,700 % 514.21 1,37U 

18(13— 322.359,254 252,919,920 805,790,630 1,098,796 181 

18C4— 301,984,501 329.562,895 1,298.144,656 1,740,690,489 

1865— 336,697,123 234,339,^10 1,897,674,224 2,682,593,026 



-0- 



JOHNSON'S (The Seventeenth,) ADMINISTRATION. 

Term, April 15, 18G5, to March 4, 18G9. 

291 Andrew Johnson, (last Vice-President,) Tennessee, Pros. 
.dent, April 15, 1865 

Acting Vice Presidents. 

292 Lafayette S. Foster, born, 1806, Conn., (President of the 
Senate,) April 15, 1865. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 37 

293 Bciijaniin F. Wade, born 1800, Ohio, (Pres. of the 
Senate.) December 15, 1868. 

Secret ary of State. 

294 William H. Seward, (Liucolu's Ad.,) New York. April 
15, 1865. 

Secretary of the Treasuri/. 

295 Hu-h McCulloch, Lincoln's Ad., Ind , April 15, 1865. 

Secretaries of War. 

296 Edwin M. Stanton, Lincoln's Ad , Pa., April 15, 1865. 

297 Gen. U. S. Grant, (Sec. wl inter im,)m., Aug. 12, 1867. 

298 Adjutant Gen. L. Thoma.s, boru 1805. (Sec. ad interim,) 
February 21 1868. 

299 Gea. John M. Schcfield, New York, April 23, 1868. 

Secretary of the Navy. 

300 Gideon Welles, Lincoln's Ad., Conn., April 15, 1865. 

Secretaries of the Interior 

301 John P. Usher, Lincoln's Ad., Indiana, April 15, 1865. 

302 James Harlan, born 1820, Iowa, May 15, 1865. 

303 Orville H. Browning, Illinois, September 1, 1866. 

Postmasters GeneiaL 

304 William Dennison, Lincoln's Ad., Ohio, April 15, 1865. 

305 Alexander W. Randall, Wisconsin, July 11, 1866. 

Attorneys General. 

306 James Speed, Lincoln's Ad., Ky., April 15, 1865. 
397 Henry Stanbery, Ohio, July 11, 1866. 

308 Willikm M. Evarts, born 1818, New York, July, 1, 1868. 

Speakers of the House. 

309 Schuyler Colfax, (38th Cong.,) lud , 39th Cong., 1865. 

310 Schuyler Colfax, Indiana, -10th Congress 1867. 

311 Theodore F. Pomeroy, (pro tem.,) New York, 40th 
Cougress, 1809. 

Sutnmary oj Events during Johnson's Administration. 
, 1865. 

Andrew Johnson takes a solemn oath, to do his duty, as 

President. 
National Funeral of President Lincoln. Large rewards of- 
fered for the captiire of his assassins. Occupation of 
Macon, Georgia. 
4 



38 THE ADMINISTKATIONS 

Kojection of Slieinian's "Trcatj" willi Johnston. 

Suirender of Ji hnston. IJancild caplurcd — Booth the t. 

Becrctary Suuiton at once reduces iLe Ainiy and its Ex- 
penses. 

May. J.aigc rewards offered for J( if. Davis and ether icbe! 
leaders. Surrender of Dick Taylor, Sam. J U' sand 
Kiiby Sniitli. Capture of Jeff Davis and 20 loUowers 
in Irwinsvii.'c, Geor<^ia. A nine &ty Droclaniation ithued. 
Commercial restrictious removed. 

June. National Fast Day. Great Britain imitates Brazil and 
withdraws belligerent rights from lier ret el Irfnds. 
Commercial restrictions, on the Mississippi Bi\er, re- 
moved. Stephens and Lee accept the terms of the 
Amnesty Proclamation. Close of the Assassination trial 
in ^^'ashington. 

July. Execution of Atzerott, ITarrold. Payne and Mrs. Sur- 
ratt. The President declines to recognize Maximilian. 

August. Trial ofWirz, the Andersouville Jailor. 

September. Minister Adams and Earl Bussell debate the Al- 
abama Claims. Bit ckade renuived from Southern ports. 
Kebel Indians renounce the Confederacy. President 
Johnson declares himself in i'avor of State rights. 

October. The President revokes Martial Law in Kentucky, 
Fenian Convention at Philadelphia, proclaims the 
"Irish Republic " 

November. Surrender of the Rebel privateer Shenandoah, 
to the English government. Several Rebel States 
annul their Secession ordinances. Execution of »\ irz, 
the Andersonville Butcher. Ex-P.csident Buchanan 
publishes a remarkable self-justification. 

December. Ratification of the Xill Amendment, abolishing 
Slavery. Congress protests against the Ficnch occupa- 
tion of Mexico. 

1S66. 

President Johnson vetoes the Civil Righ's and Frecdmen's 
Bureau Bills. 

Passage, o- er the President's veto, of the Civil Rights Bill. 

The President declares the Rebellion af an end. 

The XIV Amendment proposed. Ratified in 18G8. 

Fenian Invasion of Canada in May and June. 

Death of General Scott, age 80, and Lewis Cass, age 83. 

Tennessee restored, by her representatives, to the Union. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 39 

New Atl;r tic Cable laid — the Cable of 18G5 recovered. 
Renewed dissensions between Congress and the President. 
"National Union Convention" at Philadelphia. Johnson 

" Swings 'round the Circle." 
Death of Martin Van Bnren Trial of Jeff. Davis "deferred.^* 
Congress meats. President firm, aTd Congress no less so. 
Restrictions of the President's appointing power prop )33d. 
Elective Franchise, regardless of race or color, granted in the 

District. 

1867. 

The House Judiciary Com. decide to impeach the President. 
Nebra.ski admitted as the 37ih State of the Union. 
Congre.ss passes the Reconstruction Act, over the President's 

veto. 
Mr. Pe ibody donates over one million dollars for Southern 

education. 
Congress adj urns, as a measure of public safety, to me^t 

April 1st. 
The Senate ratifies the trea*^y for the purchase af Russian 

America. Price §7,200,000 in gold. 
Passage of the " Tenure of Offii-e " and 'Bankruptcy" Bills. 
A '• Department of Educ ition " created at Washington. 
Jeff. Davis out on bail. Trial an 1 acquittal of J. II. Surratt. 
The President issues another Amne ty proclamation. 
Gen. Sheridan removes Wells and appoints Flanders Grover- 

nor of Louisiana. 
Secretary Stanton, by upholding Sheridan, offends the Presi- 
dent, who compels him to resign. 
Ele appoints Grant, then Thomas, then Schofield, to the War 

ofiice. 
Removal of Sheridm from La., and Sickles from N. C. 
Dedication of the National Cemetery, at Antietam, i\ld. 
Trt.aty,for the purchase of the Danish West Indies, negotiated. 

186 ^• 
People of St. Thomas Island vote for Annexation to the U. 8. 
Congress censures the President and thanks Gen. Sheriditi. 
The Senate vote to reinstate Mr. Stanton in the War Office. 
The House transfers the government of the South to General: 

Grant. 
Trade much depressed. Repeal of the Inland Cotton tax. 
Bitter correspondence between Grant and the President. 



40 XnE ADMINISTKATIONS 

February 2d. The House of Representatives re^'olves to im- 
peach the President. 
March 2d. Impeachment articles < xhibited and read. 
ImpeachQiont trial, ?»1 iroh 5th. AG:|aittil, Miy 2Gth, 18;j3. 
-Republican, and Soldiers and Sailors' Conventions at Chicago. 
Ratification of the Chinese (Burlingame,) treaty, 
Wyoming Territory organized American line of Steamei'S 

subsidized. 
Formal ratification of the XIV Amendment. 
Restoration to the Union of Arkansas, Alabama, Florida, 

North Carolina and South Carolina, after seven yoai-» 

separation. 
Proclamation of Unconditional Amnesty to Reboldom. 
Presidential candidates : Grant and Colfax ; Seymour and 

Blair. 

1869. 
Coloi'ed National Convention at Washington. 
Trial of Jefi". Davis ;ibandoned, and his bondsmen released. 
Treaty with the United States of Columbia relative to the 

Darien Ship Canal. 
Reconstruction continues. Treaties for the extradition of 

Criminals. 
The XV Amendment submitted to the States for ratification. 

Johnson's FinancLd Administration. 

TBAR. EXPORTS. IMPOUTS. KXPEXI)ITURB3. DEBT. 

I86G -$550,084,299 $415 512,153 $1,141,072,606 $2,783,425,879 

1867— 438 577, :!I2 41 1,73:5,3','9 1,09:5,079.055 2,692,199,215 

1863— 454,301.713 373,409.448 1,069,889,970 2,636,320,964 

IS69— 413,960,890 437,314,255 581,777,966 2,489,200,484 



-O- 



- GRANT'S (The Eighteenth,) ADMINISTRATION. 

Term, 1RG9 to I'iTd—Four Years. 

312 Ulysses S. Grant, born 1822, 111., Pres., March 4. 1869. 

313 Schuyler Coltax, born 1823, Ind., Vice-Pres., March 4, 
1869. 

Secretaries of State. 

314 Elihu B. Washburne, bjru 1816, Illinois, Mar. 5, 1869. 

315 Hamilton Fish, barn 1809, N. Y., March 11, 1869. 



OP THE UNITED STATES. 41 

Secretaries of the Treasvri/. 

316 Ales. T. Stewart, New York, withdrawn, March 5, 1869. 

317 George S. Boutwell, born 1813, ]Mass , March 11, 1869. 

Secretaries of TFrn-. 

318 John M. Schnfield, Johnson's Ad.,N. Y.,Mareh 5, 1869. 

319 John A. Rawlins, bl831 dl869, Illinois, Mar. 11, 1869. 
3§0 William T. Sherman, bora 1820, Ohio, (Sec. pro tern.) 

September G, 1-69. 

321 William W. Belknnp, born 1831, Iowa, Nov. 1, 1869. 

Secretaries of the Navi/. 

322 Adolphe E. Boric, born 1810, Pa., March 5, 1869. 

323 George M. Robeson, horn 1825, N. J., June 25, 1869. 

Secretari(S of the Interior. 

324 Jacob B. Cox, born 1828. Ohio, March 5, 1869. 

325 Columbus Bclauo, born 1809, Ohio, November 1, 1870. 

Pvifmaster General. 

326 Juhu A. J. Cresswoll, born 1828, Md , March 5, 1869. 

Attorntys General. 

327 E. Rockwood Hoar, born 1816, 3Ia s., March 5, 1869. 

328 Amos T. Akerman, Georgia, Juno 16, 1870. 

Speaker of the House. 

329 James G. Blaine, born 1830, Maine, 41st Cong., 1869. 

Some of the Events of Grant's Administration. 
1^69. 

Congress enacts laws to strengthen the Public Credit, and the 
President appoints men who speedily reduce the Public 
Debt. 

Equal rights guaranteed in the District of Columbia; alsOj 
rights of married women to separate property. 

Supreme Court increased to eight Associate judges. 

The iNIcArdle case dismissed bv the Supreme Court. 

Orgnnization of the Qiuiker Indian-Peace Commission. 

A XVFAmendment (con<'erning sex,) proposed ; also a Re- 
ligious Preimble and Amendment to the (■onstitutioa. 

Dedication (July 1st.) of Gettysburg Monument. 

The Supreme Court prou'iunces upon the status of Texas,and 
the value of Confederate money. 

Ex-Secretary Chase visit-> the Southern States, 



42 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Death of Isaac Toucey and Chief Justice Taney. 

Grant orders Coustitutioual elections in Virginia and Caroh'na. 

President's message on the Eight Hour Law. 

July. Irish National Republican Convention in Chicago. 

August. National Labor Convention in Philadelphia. 

September, National Temperance Convention at Chicago. 
Death of John A. llawlins, and Wm, Pitt Fessenden. 

October. National Capital Convention at St. Louis. Death 
of Franklin Pierce, Ex-President. Age 65. 

November. National Woman's Suffrage Convention at f'leve- 
land, Ohio. Death of George Peabody, John E. Wool, 
and R, J, Walker, Decrease of Public Debt, sinc« 
March 1st, 1869, S71,903,525. 

December. National Colored Labor Convention at Washing- 
ton. Woman Suffrage Bill passes the Wyoming Legis- 
lature. 

1810. 

The President's Message concerning the increase of our Com- 
mercial marine. 

Treaty for the lease of Samana Bay, sent to the Senate. 

The New York Legislature repeals the XV Amendment. 

Virginia re-admitted by vote of Congress. 

National reception of George Peabody's remains. 

Restoration of Mississippi to the Union. 

Admission of Revels, the first negro Senator, to Congress. 

The Supreme Court decides August 20, 1866, to be the legal 
close of the Rebellion. 

Whittcmorc, Deweese and other sellers of Cadetships, exposed 
and expelled. 

Tennessee adopts a liberal Constitution. Re-admission of 
Texas. 

The President declares the XV Amendment part of the Con- 
stitution. 

Death of Major Gen. George IL Thomas, March 28, age 54. 

Dissolutionof the American Anti-slavery Society — Born 1833 

The King of Denmark, announces the failure of the St. Thomas 
Treaty. 

Treaty with Great Britain, concerning allegiance and Natural- 
ization. 

The President remonsti*atea against the meditated invasion of 
Canada. 

The Fenians march into Canada and soon return. 



OP TUE UNITED STATES. 43 

Decoration Day (May 30,) throughout the Union. 
Presidential Message, opposing the recognition of Cuban 

Patriots. 
The United States Senate rejects the San Domingo Treaty. 
Both Houses pass the Currency, Funding, Tax and Tariff, Bills. 
Declaration of War (July 18,) between France and Prussia. 
Suicide (July 20,) of Mr. Paradol, French Minister at 

Washington. 
President Grant issues a Neutrality Proclamation. 
Republic declared in France — The President recognizes it. 
Governor Shacffer, of Utah, forbids the drilling of Mormon 

Militia. 
The President forbids the raising of troops on United States 

Soil, or the use of U. S. Waters for belligerent purposes. 
Resignation {Oct. 15,) of J. D. Cox, Secretary of the Interior. 
National Capitol Removal Convention at Cincinnati. 
Immigration Convention at Indianapolis, Indiana. 
Woman's World Peaco Convention at Boston. 
General Schenck succeeds Mr. Motley, at the Court of St. 

James. 
Annexation of San Domingo ''before the House" — Dec. 31. 
Grant's Financial Administration. 

YEAR. EXPORTS. IMPORTS. EXPENDITURES. DEBT. 

1870— $109,0'J.'5,982 $402,35.5,049 $309,053,561 $2,380,358, GOO 
Collections from Internal Revenue, for fiscal year ending 
June 30, 1869, $159,124,127.— Do. Junn 30, 1870, $184,. 
303,128. Cash in the Treasury, February 1 1871,8123. 
894.289, U. S. Debt, less cash, February 1, 1871, !^2,328,- 
026,807. Total Reduction of the Public Debt, from iMarch 
1, 1869 to February 1, 1871,-23 mouths, §197,436,453.01. 



Treasurers of the United States. 

Samuel Merediih, 1789 Wiaiam Selden, 1840 
Thomas T. Tucker, I8ul John Sloane, 1850 
Michael Nourse,(acZj«^)1828 Samuel Casey, 1853 
William Clark. 1828 W. C. Price, 1860 
John Campbell, 1830 Francis E. Spinner, 1861 
Seven Assistant Treasurers, at New York, Boston, Phila- 
delphia, Charleston^ Noa? Orleans, St. Louis, and San Fran- 
cisco. 



4^* THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Assistant Secretaries of the Treasury. 

(Office established 1789.— Abolished May, 1792 ) 

Teach Coxe, Pa., 1789 Geo. Harrington, D. C, 1861 

Chas. B. Penrose, Ta., 1849 J. F. Hartly, Me.. 1865 

A. A Ha)]. Tenn., 1849 M. B. Field, xN. Y., 1864 

W. L. Hodge, La., 1850 AVm. E. Chaiidler.N.H., 18(55 

P. Gr. Washington, D.C., 1853 Edmund Cooper, Tenn., 1867 

Philip Clayton, Ga., 1857 W. A. Ilichardsoa,Mass.,l869 



U. S. Supreme Court, February 15th, 1871. 

Salmon P. Chase, of Ohio, GMcf Justice, Salary, §6,500 

Nathan Clifford, of I\laiiie, Associate Justice, do 6,000 

Sauincl Nel.-jon, of New York, do do do 6.000 

Wiliiam M. Strong, of Pa , do do do 6.000 

Joscpli P. Bradley, of N. J., do do d • O.-OOO 

David Uavis. of Illinois, do do do 6,000 

Noah H. Swayne, of Ohio, do do do 6.000 

Samuel F. Miller, of Iowa. do do do 6.000 

Stephen J. Field, of California, do do do (■,000 

Total Salaries of the Court,— S51:, 500 

Bill before Congress to make the salary of Chief Justice 
?3,500, and Associate Justice $8,000. 

Supreme Court meets at Waahiogton, on the finst ^londay 
ifj Deceuiber of each year. 

Chief Ju.stic33 of the. IT. S. Supreme Court. 

[D. Declined. U. Uesigned,] .^jipointed. 

John Jav, bl745 dl829, New York, B., Sept. 26. 1789 

John Rut'ed<,re, bl7:59 dl800, S. C, Rejected. July 1, 1795 
William ('ushin<,', h\T^\i dl8lO, Mass., D. Jan '27, 1796 
Oliver Ellsworth, bl745 dlS07, Conn., ?v. March 4, 1790 
John Jay. bl745 dl829,(nov. N.Y.) 1). December 19. 1800 
John Marshall, bl755 dl835, Virdnia, January 27, 1801 
Roger B. Taney, bl777 dl864, Marylaod, March 15. 1836 
Salmon P. Chase, born 1808, Ohio, December 6, 1864 



OP THE UNITED STATES. 45 

Associate Justicas of ths U. S. Suprems Court. 

Appointed. 

John Rutledge, bl739 dl.800, S. Carolina, R. Sept. 26. 1789 
William Cushing,bl733 dlSlO, Mass., September 26. 1789 
Jame.s Wilson, bl742 d]798 Penusj'lvania, do do 

John Bltir, bl732 dlSOO, Virginia, R. do do 

Robert H. Harrison, bl745 dl796 Md., R. do do 

James Iredell, bl751 dl799, N.Carolina, Feb., 10, 1790 

Thomas Johnson, bl732 dl819, Md., R. August 5, 1791 
William Patterson, bl743 dl8il6, N. Jersey, March 4, 1793 
Samuel Chase, bl741 dl8Ll, Maryland, January 27, 1796 
Bushrod Washington, bl759 dl829,Va.', September 29, 1798 
Alfred Moore, bi755 dl810, N.C., R. December 10. 1799 
William Johnson. bl771 dl834, S.Carolina, March 26, 1804 
Rrockholst Livingston, bl757 dl823, N.Y., Nov. 10, 1806 
Thomas Todd, bl765 dl826, Kentucky, March 3, 1807 

Levi Lincoln, bl749 dl820, Mass., D. January, 3, 1811 

John Quincy Adams, bl767 dl848, Mass., D. Feb.22, 1811 
Joseph Story, bl779 dl845, Massachusetts, Nov. 18, 1811 
Gabriel Duval, bl751 dl844, Maryland, R. do do 

Smith Thompson. bl767 dl843, New York, Sept. 1, 1823 
Robert Trimble, bl776 dl829, Kentucky, Mav 9, 1826 

John McLean, bl785 dl86l, Ohio, March 7. 1829 

Henry Baldwin, 1779 dl844. Pennsylvania, Jan. 6, 1830 
James M. Wayne, bl786 dl867, Georgia, January 9, 1835 
Philip P. Barbour, bl783 dl841, Va , R. March 15, 1835 
John Catron, bl786 dl865, Tennessee, March 8, 1837 

William Smith, bl762 d1840, Alabama, D. March 8, 1837 
John McKinley, died 1852, Alabama, April 22, 1837 

Peter V. Daniel, bl785 dl860, Virginia, March 3, 1841 

Samuel Nelson, born 1792, New York, February 14, 1845 
Levi Woodbury. dl789 dl851, N H., Sept. 20,1845 

Robert C. Grier, bl794 dl870. Penn , Aug. 4, 1846 

Benjamin R. Curtis, born 1810, Maryland, December 20, 1851 
James A. Campbell, born 1802, Alabama, R. 1853 

Nathan Clifford, born 1803, Maine, January, 12, 1858 

Noah Swayne, born 1805, Oh o, January 24, 1862 

Samuel P, Miller, born 1816, Iowa, July 16, 1862 

David Davis, born 1815, Illinois, December 8, 1862 

Stephen J. Field, born 1817, California, March 10, 1863 
Edwin M. Stanton, Pennsylvania, December, 1869 

William M. Strong, Pennsylvania, February 7, 1870 

Joseph P. Bradley, New Jersey, February 7, 1870 



46 THE ADMINiSTRATIONS 

Chrks of tli3 U. S. SnpramB Court. 

John Tiioker, R. Massachusetts, February 3, 1790 
Sa I lui Bayard, R. Delaware, August 1, 1791 
E. B. Cahlivell, New Jersey, August 15, 1800 
William Griffith. do do February 9 1826 
Wiiliain T. Ca roll, Dlst. Columbia, January 20, 1827 
T. W. iMiddleton, di do (Preseat Clerk,) 1862 


Haportsrs of ths U. S. Suprsmo Court. 

Alex. J. Ddlas, 17S9-l8t)l Rich. Peters, Jr., 1828-1813 

VVm. Crarich, 1801-1816 Benj. C. Howard, 18HJ-1862 

Henry Wheiton, 1816-1828 J. S. Blick, 1862-1364 

John W. Wallace, (Preseat R3porter,) 1861. 



UnitDi 3 tat 33 Marshals. 

D:ivid Lennox, 179-1-1801 R )bert Wallace, 1813-1849 

Daniel (J. Brent, 18M-180S R. Walich, 1849-1353 

W Boyd, 1808-1818 J. D. Hoover, 1853-1858 

Tcndi Ringold, 1813-1831 William S',ddea, 1853-1861 

He:u-v Vshton, 18.1-1831 AVard H. Lamon, 1861-1865 

Alexllaater, 1834-1813 D.S.Gooding. 1863-1869 
Alexander Sharp, (Present Mirshal,) 1869. 



PI133ID2NT3 PRO-TSM. 0? THB U. S. SENATE. 

Juhi Lin-don, bl74l dl819, N. 11 , 1st Cong. 1789 

Richard Henry Lee, bl732 dl 791, Va., 2d do 1791 

John Lmgdou New Hampshire. 2d do do 

Ralph Izar.l, bl733 dl804, S. Carolina, 3d do 1793 

Henry Tazewell, died 1799, Viiginia, 3d do do 

Samuel Livermore, bl732 dl803, N. II., 4th do 1795 

William Bingham, bl752 dl804, Pa, 4th do do 

Wiliiau Braltbrd, bl729 dl808, R. L, 5th do 1797 

Jacob Read, South Carolina, 5th do do 

The;)dne Sedgwick, Massachusetts, 5th do do 

John Lawrance, bl750 dl810, N. Y., 5th do do 

James Ross, bl76l dl847, Pa., 5th do do 

Samuel Livermere, New Hampshire, 6th do 1799 



0J-' TIIE UNITED STATES. 4*7 

Uriah Tracy. blTSS dlSCV. Cc mk cliout, 
John K. Howard, 11754 1827, Maryland, 
Jaii-cs Ilinhouse, 11754 dl832, Conn., 
Alraliaui Baldwin. bl754 dl807, Ga., 
Stephen K. Bradley. bl754 dl8o0. Vt., 
John l^rowne. bl757 dl837. Kentucky, 
Je.^t^e Franklin, bl758 dKS" 3. N. Crolina, 
Joseph Andcrpon. bl757 dl837. Tcnn., 
Sauine! 8mith bl752 dl839, Maryland, 

do do 

do do 

Stephen R. Bradley. Vermont, 
John Milledgc. died 1818. Georgia, 
Andrew Gregg. bl755 dl835. Pa., 
John (Jaillard died 182G, S. Carolina, 
John Pope. bl770 dlS-15. Kentucky, 
William n. Crawford, hi 772. dlS34, Ga., 12th 
Joseph B. Varnum. bl759 dlS21, SiaFS 
John Gaillard, South Carolina; 

do do 

do ' do 

James Barbour, bl776 dl842, Virginia, 

do do 

John Gaillard, South Carolina, 

da do 

do do 

N"athaniol Macon, bl757 dl837 N. C, 

do do 

Sa*nuei Smith, Maryland, 

do do 

Littleton W. Tazewell. bl774 dlSGO, Va.. 22d 
Hugh L. White. bl773 dl840, Tenn., 
Georg'' Poindexter, dl853, Mississippi, 
Joint Tyler, Virginia, 
Wiiliaiu 11. King, dl853, Alabama, 

do do 

do do 

Samuel L 'Southard, New Jersej^. 
Willie P. Mangum, bl792 dlSGli N. C, 
David R. Atchi en, bl807, Missouri, 

do do 

Willam R. King, Alabama, 

do do 



6th 


Cc.^g. 


1799 


Gth 


do 


do 


Gth 


do 


do 


7th 


do 


1801 


7th 


do 


do 


8th 


do 


1803 


8!h 


do 


do 


8ih 


do 


do 


9th 


do 


1805 


9th 


do 


do 


10th 


do 


1807 


10th 


do 


1807 


10 th 


do 


do 


11th 


do 


1809 


11th 


do 


do 


nth 


do 


do 


12th 


do 


1811 


12th 


do 


do 


13th 


do 


1813 


l4th 


do 


1815 


15th 


do 


1817 


15 th 


do 


do 


IGth 


do 


1819 


IGth 


do 


do 


17th 


do 


1821 


18th 


do 


1823 


19th 


do 


1825 


20th 


do 


1827 


20th 


<lo 


do 


21st 


do 


1829 


22d 


do 


1831 


22d 


do 


do 


23d 


do 


1833 


23d 


do 


do 


24th 


do 


1835 


25th 


do 


1837 


26th 


do 


1839 


27th 


do 


1841 


28ih 


do 


1843 


29 th 


do 


1845 


30th 


do 


1847 


31st 


do 


1849 


32d 


do 


1851 



THE ADMINISTRATIONS 



Dav d R. Atchison, Missouri, 
Jesse D. Bright, bl812, Indiana, 
Beiijuuiin Fitzpatriok, bl802, Alabama, 
Jesse D. Bright, Indiana, 
Solomon Foot, bl802, ^'eru■lout, 

do do 

do do 

Daniel Clark,.bl809, New Hampshire, 
Lafayette S. Foster, Connecticut, 
Benjamin F. Wade, Ohio, 
Henry B. iVuthony, llliode Island, 

do do 



33d C 


long. 


1853 


34th 


do 


1855 


35 th 


do 


1857 


3Gth 


do 


1859 


36th 


do 


do 


37 th 


do 


1861 


38th 


do 


1863 


38th 


do 


do 


30 th 


do 


1865 


4Uth 


do 


1867 


4l3t 


do 


1869 


41st 


do 


1870 



\j 

SECEETAEIES OP THE U. 3. SENATE 






Samuel Allyne Otis, 


IMassachusetts, 


1789 


1814 


Charles (Jutts, 


New Ham[ishire, 


1814 


1825 


Walter Lowrie, 


Pennsylvania, 


1825 


1836 


Asbury Dicke^js, 


North Carolina, 


1836 


1861 


John W. Forney, 


Pccnsylvania, 


1861 


1868 


George C. Gorham, 


California, 

n 


1869. 





CLEEE3 OF THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. 

John Beck ley, 
Jonathan W. Condy, 
John II. Oswald 
John Beckley, 
Patrick Magruder, 
Thomas Dougherty. 
Matthew St. Clair Clarke, 
Walter S. Franklin, 
Hugh A. Garland, 
M. St. Clair Clarke, 
Caleb J. McNulty, 
Bcnjami 1 B French, 
Thomas J. Campbell, 
Richard M. Young, 
John W. Forney, 
William Cullom, 
Jas. C. Allen, born 1823, 



Virginia, 


1789 


1797 


Pennsylvania, 


1797 


1800 


do 


1800 


1801 


Virginia, 


1801 


1807 


Maryland, 


1807 


1815 


Kentuc-:y, 


18:5 


1822 


Pennsylvania, 


1822 


1833 


do 


1833 


18.38 


Virginia, 


1838 


1841 


Pennsylvania, 


1841 


1843 


Ohio, 


1843 


1845 


New Hampshire, 


1845 


1847 


Tennessee, 


1847 


1850 


Illinois, 


1850 


1851 


Pennsylvania, 


1851 


1856 


Tennessee, 


1856 


1857 


Illinois. 


1857 


18G0 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 



John W. Forney, Pennsylvania, 

Emerson Etheridge, bl819, Tennessee, 
Edward McPherson, bl830, Pennsylvania, 



49 

1860-1861 
1861 1863 
1863 



Chaplains of the Senate, from 1789. 

IB Baptist, C. CoDgregationalist, D. Dutch Reform, E Episcopal, L. Lutheran, 
M. Methodist, P. Presbyterian, R. C. Roman Catholic, U. Uaiversalist, Un. 
Unitarian ] 



Bishop Provost, 


E 


William Ryland, 


M 


Bishop White, 


E 


C. P. Mclivaine, 


E 


Bishop Clagett, 


E 


W. Staughton, 


B 


Dr. Ganntt, 


E 


C. P. Mcllvaiue, 


E 


A. T. McCormick, 


E 


W. Staushton, 


B 


Dr. Ganntt, 


E 


W. Ryland, 


M 


John J. Sayrs, 


E 


H. V. D. Johns, 


E 


Dr. Ganntt, 


E 


J. P. Durbin, 


M 


A. T. McCormick, 


E 


C. C . Pise, 


RC 


R. Elliott, 


P 


T. W. Hatch, 


E 


M. Wilmer, 


E 


E. Y. Higby, 


E 


0. B. Brown, 


B 


Henry Slicer, 


M 


Walter Addison, 


E 


G. G. Cookman, 


M 


J. Breckenridge, 


P 


S, Tustin, 


P 


Jesse Lee, 


M 


Henry Slicer, 


M 


J. Glendy, 


P 


C. M. Butler, 


E 


J. Glendy, 


P 


Henry Slicer, 


M 


S. E. Dwight, 


D 


Henry C. Dean, 


M 


William Hawley, 


E 


Stephen P. Hill, 


B 


John Clark, 


P 


R. R. Gurley, 


P 


B Allison, 


B 


Rev. Mr. Sunderland, 


P 


Thomas Bowman, 


M 


Dr. E. H. Gray, 


B 




J. P, Newman M. ' 





Chaplains of the Honse, from 1789, 



Wm. Linii, 


P 


T. H. Stockton, 


M 


Samuel Blair, 


P 


E. D. Smith, 


P 


Ashbel Green, 


P 


T. H. Stockton, 


M 


Thomas Lyell, 


M 


0. C Comstock, 


B 


W. Parkinson, 


B 


S, Tustin, 


P 


W. Bentley, 


C 


L. R, Reese, 


M 



50 



TUE ADMINISTRATIONS 



W. Parkinson, 


B 


Joshua Bates, 




C 


James Laurie, 


P 


T. W, Braxton, 




B 


J. Glendy, 


P 


J. W. French, 




E 


R. Elliott, 


P 


J. N. Maffit, 




M 


0. P. Brown, 


B 


J. S. Tiffany, 




E 


Jesse Lee, 


M 


J. S. Trusley, 




B 


N. Sheathen, 


M 


W, M. Daily, 




M 


Jesse Lee, 


M 


W. H. Milburn, 




M 


B Brown, 


B 


W, S. S. Sprole, 




P 


S. H. Cone, 


B 


R, R. Gurley, 




P 


B. Allison, 


B 


L. F, Morgan, 




M 


J. N. Campbell, 


P 


James Gallagher. 


r 


P 


Jared Sparks, 


Un 


W. H. xMilburn, 




M 


J. Breckenridge, 


P 


Daniel AValdo, 




C 


H. B. Bascom, 


M 


Daniel Waldo, 




C 


Reuben Post, 


P 


T, H, Stockton, 




M 


R. R. Gurley, 


P 


Rev. Mr. Chauncey, 


U 


Reuben Post, 


P 


C, B, Boynton, 







W, Hammet, 


M 


J. G, Butler, 


■nly 4, 


D 


Signers of the Declaration of Independence, J 


1776 








Borr.. 


Died, 


John Hancock, 


Massachusetts, 


1737 


1793 


John Adams, 




do 


1735 


1826 


Samuel Adams, 




do 


1722 


1803 


Robert Treat Paine, 




do 


1731 


1814 


Elbridge Gerry, 




do 


1744 


1814 


Josiah Bartlett, 


Nevi 


J Hampshire, 


1729 


1795 


William Whipple, 




do 


1730 


1785 


Matthew Thornton, 




do 


1714 


1803 


Stephen Hopkins, 


Rhode Island, 


1707 


1785 


William Ellery, 




do 


1727 


1820 


Roger Sherman, 


Connecticut, 


1721 


1793 


Samuel Huntington, 




do 


1732 


1796 


"William Williams, 




do 


1731 


1811 


Oliver Wolcott, 




do 


1727 


1797 


William Floyd, 


New York, 


1734 


1821 


Philip Livingston, 




do 


1716 


1778 


Francis Lewis, 




do 


1713 


1803 


Lewis Morris, 




do 


1726 


1798 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 



51 







Bom. Died, 


Richard Stockton, 


New Jersey, 


1730 1781 


John Witherspooa, 


do 


1722 1794 


Francis Hopkinson, 


do 


1738 1791 


John Hart, 


do 


1780 


Abraham Clark, 


do 


1727 1794 


Robert Morris, 


Pennsylvania, 


1734 180G 


Benjamin Rush, 


do 


1745 1813 


Benjamin Franklin, 


do 


1706 1790 


John Morton, 


do 


1724 1777 


George ClymeV, 


do 


1739 1813 


James Smith, 


do 


1719 1806 


George Taylor, 


do 


1716 1781 


James Wilson, 


do 


1742 1798 


George Ross, 


do 


1730 1799 


Caesar Rodney, 


Delaware, 


1730 1783 


George Read, 


do 


1734 1798 


Thomas McKean, 


do 


1734 1817 


Samuel Chase, 


Maryland, 


1741 1811 


William Paca, 


do 


1740 1799 


Thomas Stone, 


do 


1743 1787 


Charles Carroll, 


do 


1737 1832 


George Wythe, 


Virginia, 


1726 1806 


Richard Henry Lee, 


do 


1732 1794 


Thomas Jefferson, 


do 


1743 1826 


Benjamin Harrison, 


do 


1740 1791 


Thomas Nelson, Jr., 


do 


1738 1789 


Francis Lightfoot Lee, 


do 


1734 1797 


Carter Braxton, 


do 


1736 1197 


William Hooper, 


North Carolina, 


1742 1790 


Joseph Hewes, 


do 


1730 1799 


John Penn, 


do 


1719 1788 


Edward Rutledge, 


South CarBlina, 


1749 1800 


Thomas Heyward, Jr., 


do 


1746 1809 


Thomas Lynch, Jr., 


do 


1749 1779 


Arthur Middleton, 


do 


1743 1787 


Button Gwinnett, 


Georgia, 


1733 1777 


Lyman Hall, 


do 


1725 1791 


George Walton, 


do 


1740 1804 



52 



THE ADMINISTRATIONS 



SI917ERS OF THE ABTICLSS OF COITFEDEBATIOK', 
(United States,) July 9th, 1778. 







Born. Died. 


Josiah Bartlett, 


New Hampshire, 


1729 1795 


John Wentworth, 


do 


1719 1781 


John Hancock, 


Mass. Bay, 


1737 1793 


Samuel Adams, 


do 


1722 1803 


El bridge Gerry, 


do 


1744 1814 


Francis Dana, 


do 


1743 1811 


James Lovell, 


do 




Samuel Holten, 


do 


1739 1816 


William Ellery, 


R.I.& Prov.PIantat'i 


a, 1727 1820 


Henry Marchant, 


do 




John ColHns, 


do 


1717 1795 


Roger Sherman, 


Connecticut, 


1721 1793 


Samuel Huntington, 


do 


1732 1796 


Oliver Wolcott, 


do 


1727 1797 


Titus Hosmer, 


do 




Andrew Adams, 


do 


1736 1797 


James Duane, 


New York, 


1759 1835 


Fras Lewis, 


do 


1713 1803 


William Duer, 


do 


1780 1858 


Gouverneur Morris, 


do 


1757 1816 


John Witherspoon, 


New Jersey, 


1722 1794 


Nathaniel Scudder, 


do 




Robert Morris, 


Pennsylvania, 


1734 1806 


Daniel Roberdean, 


do 




Jonathan Bayard Smith, 


do 




William Clingan, 


do 




Joseph Reed, 


do 


1741 1785 


Thomas McKean, 


Delaware, 


1734 1817 


John Dickinson, 


do 


1733 1808 


Nicholas Van Dyke, ^ 


do 




John HansoB, 


Maryland, 


1785 


Daniel Carroll, 


do 




Richard Henry Lee, 


Virginia, 


1732 1794 


John Banister, 


do 




Thomas Adams, 


do 




John Harvie, 


do 




Francis Lightfoot Lee, 


do 


1734 1797 


John Penn, 


North Carolina, 


1719 1788 


Cornelius Harnett, 


do 


1723 1781 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 



53 







Boru. Died. 


John Williams, 


North Carolina, 


1752 1815 


Henry Laurens, 


South Carolina, 


1724 1792: 


William Henry Drayton, 


do 


1742 177» 


John Mathews, 


do 




Richard Hutson, 


do 




Thomas Heyward, Jr., 


do 


1746 ISO^* 


John Walton, 


Georgia, 


1740 1804 


Edward Tel&ir, 


do 




Edward Langworthy, 


do 





Signers of the United States Constitution, 
adopted September 17, 1787. 



i" 


* ' 


Born. Dled^ 


George Washington, (Pres. & Deputy,) Virginia 


, 1732 1799 


William Jackson, Secretary, 


1759 1828 


John Langdon, 


New Hampshire, 


1739 1819 


Nicholas Gilman, 


do 


1762 1814 


Nathaniel Gorham, 


Massachusetts, 


1738 1796 


Rufus King, 


do 


1755 1827 


William Samuel Johnsoilj 


, Connecticut^ 


1727 1819 


Roger Sherman, 


do 


1721 1793 


Alexander Hamilton, 


New York, 


1757 1804 


William Livingston, 


New Jersey, 


1723 1790 


William Patterson, 


do 


1806 


David Brearley, 


do 


1764 1790 


Jonathan Dayton, 


do 


1756 1824 


Benjamin Franklin, 


Pennsylvania, 


1706 179^ 


Robert Morris, 


do 


1734 1806 


Thomas Fitzsimons. 


do 


1740 1811 


James Wilson, 


do 


1742 1798 


Thomas Mifflin, 


do 


1744 1800 


George Clymer, 


do 


1739 1813 


Jared Ingersol, 


do 


1749 1822 


Gouverneur Morris, 


do 


1757 1816 


George Read, 


Delaware, 


1734 1798 


John Dickinson, 


do 


1733 1808 


Jacob Broom, 


do 


1776 1828 


Gunning Bedford, Jr., 


do 


1812 


Richard Bassett, 


do 


1815 


James McHenry. 


Maryland, 


1755 


Daniel Carroll, 


do 





Daniel (of St. Thomas,) Jenifer, do 



54 TQB AI^MIIflSTRATIONA 

JoKn Blair, Virginia, 1732 tSaO 

James Madisoa, Jr. do 1758 18365 

William Blount, North Carolinia, 1810- 

Hugh WiUiamsoB, do 1735 181^ 

Richard Dobbs Spaight, (killed in a duel,) N. C, 1802 

J. Rutledge, South Caroliaa, 1739 1800 

Charles Piackney, do 1758 1824 

Charles Cotesworth Finckney, do 1746 1825 

Pierce Butler, do 1745 1822 

William Few, Georgia, 1747 1^28 

Abraham Baldwin-^ dio 1754 1807 



The Presidents of The Contine^al Congress » 

Peyton Randolph, born 1723 died 1775, Va., Sept, 5, 1774 
Henry Middleton, dl846, South Carolina, Oct. 22, 1774 
Peyton Randolph, Virginia, May 10, 1775 

John Hancock, bl737 dl793, Mass., May 24, 1775 

Henry Laurens, bl723 dl792, S. C, November 1, 1777 
John Jay, bl745 dl829, N, Y., December 10, 1778 

Samuel Huntington, bl732 dl796, Conn., Sept. 28, 177^ 
Thomas McKean,-bl734 dl817, Delaware, July 10, 1781 
John Hanson, dl783, Maryland, November 5, 1781 

Elias Boudinot, bl740 dl821, New Jersey, Nov. 4, 1782 
Thomas Mifflin, bl744 dl800. Pa., November 3, 1783 

Richard Henry Lee, bl732 dl794, Va., Nov. 30, 1784 

Nathaniel Gorham, bl738 dl796, Mass , June 6, 1786 

Arthur St. Clair, dl818, Pa., February 2, 1787 

Cyrus Griffin, bl748 dl810, Virginia, January, 22, 1788 



MEMBERS OF THE " CONTINENTAL CONQBESS;' 

From 1774 to 1788—14 Years. 

347 Members. 

Ser?ifd. 

Adams Andrew, Connecticut, 1777-80 

do do 1781 82 

Adams, John, bl735 dl826, Massachusetts, 1774 78 

Adams,' Samuel, bl722 dl803, Massachusetts, 1774 82 



OF THE UNITED SYAT1«. 55 

CoaMn«ntai Coagreas-— continue 4. Served. 

Adams, Thomas, Virginia, 1778-80 

Alexander, Robert, Maryland, 1775 77 

Allen, Andrew, Pennsylvania, 1775 76 

Alsop John, New York, 1774 T6 

Armstrong, John, bl758 dlSlS, Feensylvania, 1778 »0 

do do do 1787 88 

Arnold, Jonathan, Rhode Island, 1782 84 

Arnold, Pe^eg, do 1787 88 

Ashe, John B., bl721 dl781. North Carolina, 1787 88 

Atlee, Samuel, died 1786, do 1778 82 

Baldwin, Abraham, bl754 dl807, Georgia, 1785 88 

tJanister, John, Virginia, 1778 79 

Bartlett, Josiah, born 1729, New Hampshire, 1775 79 

Bayard, John, bl738 dl807, Pennsylvania, 1785 87 

Beatty, John, New Jersey, 1783 85 

Bedford, Gunning,. Delaware, 1783 87 

Bedford, Gunning, Jr., Delaware, 1785 86 

Bee, Thomas, South Carolina, 1780 82 

Benson, Egbert, New York, 1784 88 

Beresford, Richard, South Caroliaa, 1783 85 

Biddle, John. Pennsylvania, 1774 79 
Bingham, William, bl752 dl804, PennsjlvaBia, 1787 88 

Blanchard, Jonathan, New Hampshire, 1783 84 

Bland, Richard, died 1778, Virginia, 1774 76 

Bland, Theodorie, bl742 dl790, Virginia, 1780 83 
Bloodworth, Timothy, died 1814, North Carolina, 1786 87 

Blount, William, bl754 dl8lO, do 1782 87 

Boerum, Simon, New York, 1774 77 

Bodinot, Elias, bl740 dl821. New Jersey, 1777 84 

Braxton, Carter, bl736 dl797, Virginia. 1776 76 

Brown, John, Virginia, 1787 88 

Brownson, Nathan, Georgia, 1776 78 

Bull, John, South Carolina, 1784 87 

Bullock, Archibald, Georgia, 1775 76 

Burke, Thomas, North Carolina, 1777 81 

Burnett, W., New Jersey, 1780 81 

Burton, Robert, New Jersey, 1787 88 

Butler, Pierce, bl745 dl822. South Carolina, 1782 88 
Cadwallader, Lambert, bl741 dl823. New Jersey, 1784 87 

Carmichael, William, Maryland, 1778 80 

Carroll, Charles, bl737 dl832, Maryland, 1776 78 

do Daniel, do 1780 84 



56= THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Continental Congress — continued. fervid. 

Carrington, Edward, Virginia, 1785-86 
Caswell, Richard, bl729 dl789, North Carolina, 1774 76 

Chase, Jeremiah T., Maryland, 1783 84 

do Samuel, bl741 dl811, Maryland, 1774 85 

Clark, Abraham, bl794, New Jersey, 1776 88 

Clarkson, Matthew, Philadelphia, 1785 86 

Clay, Joseph, Georgia, 1778 80 

Clingan, William, Pennsylvania, 1777 79 

Clinton, George, bl739 dl812, New York, 1775 77 

Clymer, George, bl739 dl813, Pennsylvania, 1776 83 

Collins, John, bl717 dl795, Rhode Island, 1778 83 

Condict, Silas, bl777 d 1861, New Jersey, 1781 84 

Contee, Benjamin, Maryland, 1787 88 

Cook, Joseph P , Connecticut, 1784 88 

Cooper, John, New Jersey, 1776 76 

Cornell, Ezekiel, Rhode Island, 1780 83 

Crane, Stephen, New Jersey, 1774 76 

Camming, William. North Carolina, 1784 84 

Gushing, Thomas, bl725 dl788, Massachusetts, 1774 76 

Dana, Francis, bl743 dlSll, Massachusetts, 1776 84 

Dane, Nathan, bl752 dl835, Massachusetts, 1781 88 

Dayton, Eiias, bl737 dl807 New Jersey, 1787 88 

Deane. Silas, dl789, Connecticut, 1774 76 

De Hart, John, New Jersey, 1774 76 

De Witt. Charles, New York 1783 85 

Dick, Samuel. New York, 1783 84 

Dickinson, John, bl732 dl808, Pennsyharua, 1774 76 

Dickinson, John, bl732 dl808 Delaware, 1776 80 

Dickinson Philemon, bl740 dl309, Delaware, 1782 83 

Dayton. Wm. H., bl733 dl790. South Carolina, 1778 79 

Duane, James, New York, 1774 84 

Duer. William, New York, 1777 78 

Dyer, Eliphalet, Connecticut, 1774 83 

Edwards, Pierpont, Connecticut, 1787 88 

Ellery, Wiliiam, bl727 dl820, Rhode Island, 1776 85 

Ellsworth, Oliver, bl745 1807, Connecticut, 1777 84 

Elmer, Jonathan, bl745 dl817. New Jersey, 1776 88 

Evans, John, Delaware, 1776 77 

Eveleigh, Nicholas, South Carolina, 1781 82 

Fell, John, New Jersey, 1778 80 

Few, William, bl748 dl823, Georgia, 1780 88 

Fitzsimmons, Thomas, bl741 dl811, Penn., 1782 83 



OJ? THB UNITED STATlSS. 



m 



Conlinental Oongre»s— continued. 8erTed» 

Fitzhugli, — — , Virginia, 1779-81 

Fleming, William, Virginia, 1779 81 

Floyd, William, bl734 dl821. New York, 1774 83 

Folsom, Nathaniel, New Hsmpshire, 1774 80 

Forbes, James, Maryland, 1778 80 

Forrest, Uriah, died 1805, Majyiand, 1786 87 

Foster, Abiel, bl735 dl806 New Hampshire, 1783 85 

Franklin, Benjamin, bl706 dl790, Pennsylvania, 1775 76 

Frelinghuysen, Frederick, bl753 dl804, N. J., 1778 83 

Frost, George, New Jersey, 1777 79 

Gadsden, Christopher, bl724 dl805, S. Carolina, 1774 76 

Galloway, Joseph, bl730 dl803, Pennsylvania, 1774 75 

Gansevoort, Leonard, New York, 1787 88 

Gardner, Joseph, Pennsylvania, 1784 85 

Gerry, Elbridge, bl744 dl814, Massachusetts, 1776 85 

Gervais, John L., South Carolina, 1782 83 

Gibbons, William, Georgia, 1784 86 

Gilman, John T., bl759 dl828. New Hampshire, 1782 83 

Gilman, Nichjslas, bl762 dl814, do 1786 88 

Goldsborough, Robert, Maryland, 1774 75 

Gorham, Nathaniel, Massachusetts, 1782*87 

Grayson, William, died 1790, Virginia, 1784 87 

Griffin, Cyrus, Virginia, 1778 88 

Gwinnett, Button, bl732 dl777, Georgia, 1776 77 

Habersham, John, bl750 dl815, Virginia, 1785 86 

Hall, John, Maryland, 1775 84 

Hall, Lyman, died 1791, Georgia. 1765 79 

Hamilton, Alexander, bl757 dl804, New York, 1782 83 

Hancock, John, bl737 dl793, Massachusetts, 1775 86 

Hand, Edward, Pennsylvania, 1784 85 

Hanson, John, Maryland, 1781 83 

Hardy. Samuel, Virginia, 1783 85 

Haring, John, New York, 1774 83 

Harnett, Cornelius, bl723 dl781, N. Carolina, 1777 80 

Harrison, Benjamin, bl740 dl791, Virginia, 1774 78 
Harrison, Wiliiam, North Carolina, 1785 87 

Harvie, John, Virginia, 1778 79 

Hawkins, Benjamin, bl754 dl816, N. Carolina, 1781 87 
Hazard, Jonathan, Rhode Island, 1787 88 

Hemsley, William, Maryland, 1782 84 

Henderson, Thomas, New Jersey, 1779 80 

Henry, James, Virginia, 1780 81 



58 THE ADMlNISTRAlIONS 

Continental CongreM — continued. 

Henry, John, died 1798, Maine, 

Henry, Patrick, bl736 dl799, Virginia, 

Henry, William, Pennsylvania, 

Hewes, Joseph, bl730 dl779. North Carolina, 

Heyward, Thomas, Jr., bl746 dl809, S. Carolina, 

Higginson, Stephen, Massachusetts, 

Hill, Whitmill, North Carolina, 

Hillhouse, William, Connecticut, 

Hindman, William, died 1822, Maryland. 

Holton^ Samuel, bl738 dl816, MaSvSachusetts, 

Hooper, William, bl742 dl790, North Carolina, 

Hopkins, Stephen, bl707 dl785, Rhode Island, 

Hopkinson, Francis, bl737 dl791. New Jersey, 

Hornblower, Josiah, New Jersey, 

Hosmer, Titus, Connecticut, 

Houston, John, Georgia, 

Houston, Wm. C., New Jersey, 

Houston, William, Georgia, 

Howard, Jokn E., bl752 dl827, Maryland, 

Howell, David, Rhode Island, 

Howley, Richard, Georgia, 

Huger, Daniel, South Carolina, 

Humphreys, Charles, Pennsylvania, 

Huntington, Benjamin, dl800, Connecticut, 

Huntington, Samuel, bl732 dl796, Connecticut, 

Hutson, Richard, South Carolina, 

Ingersoll, Jared, bl749 dl822, Pennsylvania, 

Irwine, , Pennsylvania, 

Izard, Ralph, bl738 dl80-l, South Carolina, 

Jackson, David, Pennsylvania, 

Jackson, Jonathan, Massachusetts, 

Jay, John, bl745 dl829. New York, 

Jefferson, Thomas, bl743 dl826, Virginia, 

Jenifer, D.. (of St. Thomas,) Maryland, 

Johnston, Samuel, bl733 dl816. North Carolina, 

Johnson, Thomas, Maryland, 

Johnson, William S., bl727 dl819, Connecticut, 

Jones, Allen, North Carolina, 

Jones, Joseph, Virginia, ^ ♦*•* 

Jones, Noble W., Georgia, - ".^-^» >*^ 

Jones, Willie, North Carolina, «»^ ^^ ♦^ 



Serve ' 


I. 


1778- 


87 


1774 76 


1784 86 


1774 80 


1776 


78 


1782 


83 


1778 


81 


1783 


86 


1784 : 


87 


1778 


87 


1774 77 


1774 


79 


1776 ' 


77 


1785 


86 


1775 


79 


1775 77 


1779 


85 


1784 : 


87 


1787 : 


88 


1782 : 


85 


1780 : 


81 


1786 1 


B8 


1774 ' 


76 


1780 i 


38 


1776 i 


U 


1778 ' 


7d 


1780 I 


n 


1786 i 


38 


1782 83 


1785 86 


1782 82 


1774 79 


1775 85 


1778 82 


1780 8 


12 


1775 77 


1784 87 


1779 8 


10 


1777 8 


3 


1775 8 


3 


1780 8 


1 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 59 

Continental Congress— continued. Served. 

Kean, John, South Carolina. 1785-87 

Kearney, Dyre, Delaware, 1786 88 

King, Rufus, bl755 dl827, Massachusetts, 1784 87 

Kinlock, Francis, South Carolina, 1780 81 

Kinsey, James, New Jersey, 1774 75 

Langdon, John, bl741 dl819, New Hampshire, 1775 87 

Langdon, Woodbury, New Hampshire, 1779 80 

Langworthy, Edward, Georgia, 1777 79 

Lansing, John, New York, 1784 88 

Laurens, Henry, South Carolina, 1777 80 

Law, Richard, Connecticut, 1777 84 

Lawrance, John, bl750 dl8l0, New York, 1785 87 

Lee, Arthur, Virginia, 1781 84 

Lee, Francis Lightfoot, Virginia, 1775 80 

Lee, Henry, bl756 dl818, Virginia, 1785 88 

Lee, Richard Henry, bl731 dl794, Virginia. 1774 87 

Lee, Thomas Sim, Maryland, 1783 84 

Lewis, Francis, New York, 1777 79 

L'Hommedieu, Ezra, New York, 1779 85 

Livermore, Samuel, bl732 dl803, New Hampshire, 1780 86 

Livingston, Philip, New York, 1774 78 

Livingston, Robert R, New York, 1775 81 

Livingston, Walter, do 1784 85 

Livingston, W^illiam, New Jersey. 1774 76 

Lloyd, Edward, died 1834, Maryland 1783 84 

Long, Pierce, New Hampshire, 1784 86 

Lovell, James, Massachusetts, 1776 82 

Low, Isaac, New York, 1774 75 

Lowell, John, Massachusetts, 1782 83 

Lynch, Thomas, South Carolina, 1774 76 

Lynch, Thomas, Jr., South Carolina, 1776 77 

Madison, James, Jr., Virginia, 1780 88 

Manning, Rhode Island, 1785 86 

Marchant, Henry, Virginia, 1777 84 

Martin, Luther, Maryland, 1784 85 

Matlack, Timothy, Pennsylvania, 1780 81 

Matthews, John, South Carolina, 1778 82 

McClene, James, Pennsylvania, 1778 80 

McComb, Eleazer, Delaware, 1782 84 

McDougall, Alexander, New York, 1781 85 

McHenry, Alexander, Maryland, 1783 86 



GO THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Continental Congress — continaed. Served. 

McKean, Thomas, Delaware, 1774-83 

Mercer, James, Virginia, 1779 80 

Mercer, John F., Virginia, 1782 85 

Meredith, Pennsylvania, 1787 88 

Mifflin, Thomas, Pennsylvania, 1774 84 

Miller, Nathan, Rhode Island, 1785 86 

Mitchell, Nathaniel, Delaware, 1786 88 

Mitchell, Stephen M., Connecticut, ' 1783 88 

Middleton, Arthur, South Carolina, 1776 83 

Middleton, Henry. do 1774 76 

Monroe, James, bl758 dl831, Virginia, 1783 86 

Montgomery, John, Pennsylvania, 1780 84 

Morris, Charles, Pennsylvania, 1783 84 

Morris, Gouverneur, bl752 dl816, New York, 1777 80 

Morris, Lewis, do 1775 77 

Morris, Robert, bl735 dl806, Pennsylvania, 1776 78 

Morton, John, Pennsylvania, 1774 77 

Motte, Isaac, South Carolina, 1780 82 

Mowry, , Rhode Island, 1781 81 

Muhlenberg, Fred. A., bl750 dl801 Pennsylvania, 1778 80 

Nash, Abner, North Carolina, 1782 86 

Neilson, John, New Jersey, 1778 79 

Nelson, Thomas, Virginia, 1775 80 

Osgood, Samuel, Massachusetts, 1780 84 

Otis, Samuel, A., Massachusetts, 1787 88 

Paca, William, Maryland, 1774 79 

Page, Mann, Vir^jinia, 1777 77 

Paine, Ephraim, New York, 1784 85 

Paine, Robert Treat, Massachusetts, 1774 78 

Parker, John, South Carolina, 1786 88 
Partridge, George, bl740 dl828, Massachusetts, 1779 85 

Patton, John, Delaware, 1785 86 

Peabody, Nathaniel, New Hampshire, 1779 80 

Perry, William, Delaware, 1785 86 

Pendleton, Edmund, Virginia, 1774 75 

Penn, John, North Carolina, 1775 80 

Peters, Richard, Pennsylvania, 1782 83 

Pettit, Charles, Pennsylvania, 1785 87 

Pierce, W. , Georgia, 1786 87 
Pinckney, Charles, bl758 dl824, South Carolina, 1777 87 

Plater, George, Maryland, 1778 81 



OP THE UNITED STATES. 61 

Continental Congress — continued. Served. 

Piatt, Zephaniah, New York, 1784 86 

Potts, Richard, Maryland, 1781 82 

Ramsay, Nathaniel, Maryland, 1785 87 

Read, , Pennsylvania, 1787 88 

Read, George, bl734 dl798, Delaware, 1774 77 

Read, Jacob, South Carolina, 1783 85 

Reed, Joseph, Pennsylvania, 1777 78 

Ramsay, David, South Carolina, 1782 86 

Randolph, Edmund, Virginia, 1779 82 

Randolph, Peyton, Virginia, 1774 75 

Rhodes, Samuel, Pennsylvania, 1774 75 

Ridgely, Richard, Maryland, 1785 86 

Roberdean, Daniel, Pennsylvania, 1777 79 

Rodney, Caesar, Delaware, 1774 84 

Rodney, Thomas, Delaware, 1781 87 

Rogers, David, Maryland, 1775 76 

Root, Jesse, Connecticut, 1778 73 

Ross, David, Maryland, 1786 87 

Ross, George, Pennsylvania, 1774 77 

Rumsey, Benjamin, Maryland, 1776 78 

Rush, Benjamin, Pennsylvania, 1776 77 

Rutledge, Edward, South Carolina, 1774 77 

Rutledge, John, South Carolina, 1774 83 

Scheurman, J., New Jersey, 1786 87 

Schuyler, Philip, New York, 1775 81 

Scott, Gustavus, Maryland, 1784 85 

Scott, John M.,New York, 1780 83 

Scudder, Nathaniel, New Jersey, 1777 79 

Searle, James, Penn'^ylvania, 1778 80 

Sedgwick, Theodore, Massachusetts, 1785 88 

Seney, Joshua, Maryland, 1787 88 

Sergeant, Jonathan D., New Jersey, 1776 77 

Sharpe, William, North Carolina, 1779 82 

Sherman, Roger, Connecticut, 1774 84 

Shippen, William, Pennsylvania, 1778 80 

Sitgreaves, John, North Carolina, 1784 85 

Smith, James, Pennsylvania, 1776 78 

Smith, Jonathan B., Pennsylvania, 1777 78 

Smith, Melancthon, New York, 1785 88 

Smith, Merewether, Virginia, 1778 82 



62 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Continental Congress — continued. Served. 

Smith, RicTiard, New Jersey, 1774 76 

Smith, Thomas, Pennsylvania, 1780 82 

Smith, William, Maryland, 1777 78 

Spaight, Richard D. North Carolina, 1783 85 

Spencer, Joseph, Connecticut, 1778 79 

St. Clair, Arthur, Pennsylvania, 1785 87 

Stewart, , New Jersey, 1784 85 

Stockton, Richard, New Jersey 1776 77 

Stone, Thomas, Maryland, 1775 85 

Strong, Jedediah, Connecticut, 1782 84 

Sturges, Jonathan, Connecticut, 1785 87 

Sullivan, James, Massachusetts, 1782 82 

Sullivan, John, New Hampshire, 1774 81 

Swan, John, North Carolina, 1787 88 

Sykes, James, Delaware, 1777 78 

Symmes, John C, New Jersey, 1785 86 

Taylor, George, Pennsylvania, 1776 77 

Telfair, Edward, Georgia, 1777 83 

Thacher, George, Massachusetts, 1787 88 

Tilgman. Matthew, Maryland, 1774 '77 

Tilton, James, Delaware, 1783 85 

Thornton, Matthew, New Hampshire, 1776 79 

Trapier, Paul, South Carolina, 1777 78 

Treadwell, John, Connecticut, 1785 86 

Trumbull, Joseph, Connecticut, 1774 75 

Tucker, Thomas T., South Carolina, 1787 88 

Van Dyke, Nicholas, Delaware, 1777 82 

Varnum, James M., Rhode Island, 1780 87 

Vining, John, Delaware, 1784 86 

Wadsworth, James, Connecticut, 1783 86 

Wadsworth, Jeremiah, Connecticut, " 1787 88 

Walton, George, Georgia. 1776 81 

Ward, Artemas, Massachusetts, 1780 81 

Ward, Samuel, Rhode Island, 1774 76 

VVashington, George, Virginia, 1774 75 

Wentworth, John, Jr., New Hampshire, 1778 79 

Wharton, Samuel, Delaware, 1782 83 

Whipple, William, do 1776 70 

White, Al- xander. North Carolina, 1786 88 

White, Phillips, Delaware, 1782 83 
Williams, John, North Carolina, 778 79 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 63 

Continental Congress — continued. Served. 

Williams, William, Connecticut, 1776 84 

Williamson, Hugh, North Carolina, 1782 88 

Willing, Thomas, Pennsylvania, 1775 76 

Wilson, James, do 1775 87 

Wingate, Paine. New Hampshire, 1787 88 

Wisner, Henry, New York, 177-4 76 

Witherspoon, John, New Jersey, 1776 83 

Wolcott, Oliver, Connecticut, 1775 84 

Wood, Joseph, Georgia, 1777 79 

Wrighl, Turbett, Maryland, 1781 82 

Wyncoop, Henry, Pennsylvania, 1779 83 

Wythe, George, Virginia, 1775 77 

Yates, Abraham, Jr., New York. 1787 88 

Yates, Peter W., do ' 1785 87 

Zubly, John J., Georgia, 1775 76 



The " Continental Congress met " 

September 5, 1774 and May 10, 1775, at Philadelphia, Pa. 

December 20, 1776, at Baltimore, Md. 

March 4, 1777, at Philadelphia, Pa. 

September 27,1777, at Lancaster, Pa. 

September 30,1777, at York, Pa. 

July 2, 1778, at Philadelphia, Pa. 

June 30, 1783, at Princeton, N. J. 

November 26, 1783, at Annapolis, Md. 

November 1, 1784, at Trenton, N. J. 

January 11, 1785, at New York. 



The " Congress of the United States " met 

From March 4, 1789, to August 12, 1790, at New York. 
'' December 6, 1790, to May 14, 1800, at Philadelphia. 
" aiid since November 17, 1800, at Washington, D. C. 



64 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

United States Ministers to Foreign Countries, 

From 1789 to 1870, inclusive. 

Abbreviations — E. E. and Min. Plen, Envoy Extraordinary, and Minister Plen- 
ipotentiary, Min. Res Minister Resident. Clig, d'Aff. Charge d' Affaires. Com. 
Counraisgioner. ♦ Declined the Appointment, 

Appointed. 

Adams,Cha3.F.,bl807,E. E. & Mia. Plen., Qt. Britain, 1861 

Adams. John Quincy,bl767 dl84:8, Min. Res. Nether., 1794 

do Min. Plen., Portugal, 1797 

do do Prussia, 1809 

do do Russia, 1815 

Allen, Heman, bl779 dl852, Min. Plen., ChiH, 1823 

Anderson, Charles E., Secretary of Legation, France, 1836 

Anderson, Richard C , died 1826 Min. Plen., Colombia, 1823 

Andrews, C. C, Mass., Min. Plen., Sweden & Norway, 1869 

Angel, Benjamin F., Min, Res., Sweden, 1857 

Appleton, John, bl815 dl864, Ch.d'Aff., Bolivia, 1848 

do Secretary of Legation, Great Britain, 1853 

do Chg.d'Aff., Great Britain, 1855 

do Min. Plen,, Russia, 1860 

Appleton, J. J., Secretary of Legation, Portugal, 18l9 

do do do Spain, 1822 

do Chg.d'Aff, Two Sicilies, 1825 

do do Sweden, 1826 

Armstrong, John, b1759 dl843, Min. Plen., France, 1804 

Ashboth, Alexander, Min. Res., Argentine Republic, 1866 

Aulick. John H., Captain U. S. Navy, Japan, 1851 

Baber, Ambrose, Chg.d'Aff., Sardinia, 1841 

Bacon, John E., Secretary of Legation, Russia, 1858 

Bagley,Arthur P..bl794 dl858,Em.& Min.Plen.,Russia,1848 

Bainbridge,William,bl774dl833,Cap.U.S.Navy,Algiers,1815 

Balestier, Joseph, Special Agent to Siam, &c., 1849 

Bancroft,George,bl800,E.E. and Min.Plen, Gt. Britain,1846 

do do . Prussia, 1867 

Banks, W.W. born 1816, Sec'y of Legation, Brazih, 1857 

Barbour, James, bl776 dl842, Min. Plen., Gt. Britain, 1828 

Barlow, Joel. bl755 dl812, do France, 1811 

Barnard, Daniel D., died 1861, do Russia, 1850 

Barringer, Daniel M., born 1807, do Spain, 1849 

Barrow, Washington, Chg.d'Aff., Portugal, 1841 

Barry, Wm. T., bl780 dl835, Min. Plen., Spain, 1835 

Barton, Seth, Chg.d'Aff, ChiH, 1847 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 65 

U. S. ror«ign Ministers. Appointed- 

BartoQ, Thomas P., Seretar}' of Legation, France, 

Barfclett, Joseph J., Min. Res., Svveden & Norway, 

Baxter, Henry, do Honduras, 

Bassett, E. D., Min. Res. and Con Gen., Hayti, 

Bayard, James A., bl767 dl815, Min. Plen., France, 
* do do E. E. and Min. Plen., Russia, 

do Richard H., Chg. d'Aff., Belgium 

Bayliess, Francis, born 1777, do Buenos Ayres, 

Bedinger, Henry, dl858, do Denmark, 

do do Min. Res., Denmark, 

Beclen, Fred. A., Sec. of Legation, Central America, 

do do Chili, 

Belmont, Augustus, Chg. d'Aff, Netherlands, 

Benton, Allen A , Min. Res., New Grenada, 

Bergh, Henry, Secretary of Legation, Russia, 

Bidlack, Benj.A., dlS-iQ, Chg. d'Aff., New Grenada, 
Bigler, John, En. Ex. and Min. Plen., Chili, 

Bigelow,John,(N.Y.,)bl8l7, En.Ex.,Miu.Plen., France, 
Bissell, Wm. bl811 dl860, Chg d'Aff., Buenos Ayres, 
Blackford, Wm. M., do New Grenada, 

Blair, Jacob B , (W. Va.,) Min. Res., Costa Rica, 

Blatchford, R. M , New York, Min. Res., Rome, 

Bleecker, Hermanns, bl779, Chg. d'Aff , Netherlands, 
Blow, Henry T., Mo., born 1817, Min. Res., Venezuela, 

do En. Ex. and Min. Plen, Brazil, 

*Blunt, Joseph, Commissioner, China,. 

Borden, James W,, do Hawaii, 

Borland, Solon,dl864,En.Ex. and Min. Plen., Cent.Am., 
Boulware, William, Chg. d'Aff., Two Sicilies, 

Bowdjin, James, Commissioner, Plen. and Ex., Spain, 
Bowlin, James B., born 1804, Min. Res , New Grenada 

do Commissioner, Paraguay, 

Boyd, James McHenry, Sec. of Legation, Gt. Britain, 
*Breckenridge, John C, En. Ex. and Min., Spain, 
Brent, N. M., Chg. d'Aff., Peru, 

Brent, Thomas L L., Sec. of Legation, Spain, 

^ do do Portugal, 

do Chg. d'Aff., Portugal, 

Brent, William, Jr., do ]Juenos Ayres, 

Brodhead, John R., bl814. Sec. of Leg., Great Britain, 
Brown, Ethan A., Chg. d'Aff., Brazil, 

Brown^ George, Commissioner, Sandwich Islands, 



^ 



THE AIHVIINISTRATIONS 



U. S. Foreign Ministers, Appointed. 

Brown, James, En. Ex. and Min. Plen., France 1823 

Brown, John P. Dragoman, Turkey, 1836 

do do Turkey, 1842 

Brown, John P., Secretary and Dragoman, Turkey, 1858 
Brown, J. Ross, Min. Plen., China, 1868 

Brown, Neil S., E. E. and Min. Plen., Prussia, 1850 

Bryan, John A., Ohg.d'Aff., Peru, 1844 

Buchanan, Jas.,bl791 dl8G8,E.E.&Min. Plen, Russia, 1832 

do do Gt. Britain, 1853 

Buchanan, James M., Min. Res., Denmai-k, 1858 

Buckalew, Charles R., born 1821, Min. Res., Ecuador, 1858 
Burlingame, Anson, bl822 dl870, Min. Plen., China, 1861 
Burton, Allen A., Min. Res., New Granada, 1861 

Butler, Anthony, Secretary of Legation, Russia, 1856 

Butler, Edward G. W., Sec'y of Legation, Prussia. 1856 
Calhoun, Wm. R., do France, 1857 

Cambreling,C.C., bl786 dl862,E.E.& Min.Plen., Russia, 1840 
Cameron, Simon, born 1799 Min. Plen. & Ex., do 1862 
Campbell.G.W.,bl768 dl 848, E.E.& Min. Plen., do 1818 
Campbell, Jas. H., bl820, Min. Res., Sweden & Norway,1864 
Campbell,LewisD.,Ohio,bl811,E E.& Min.Plen.,Mexico,1866 
Carmichael, Wm., Chg.d'Aff., Spain, 1790 

Carr, Dabney S., Min. Res., Turkey, 1843 

Cartter, D. K., do B -livia, 1861 

Cass, Lewis, bl782 dl866, E.E.& Min. Plen., France, 1836 
Cass, Lewis, Jr., Chg.d'Aff, Papal States, 1849 

do Min. Res., do 1854 

Cathcart, James L., Consul, Tripoli, 1797 

do Consul General, Algiers, 1802 

do Consul, Tunis, 1803 

Caverly, Z. B., Secretary of Legation, Peru, 1855 

Cazneau, W. L., Com., Dominican Republic, 1854 

Chandler, Jos. R., Min. Res., Two Sicilies, 1858 

Chauncey, Isaac, bl772 dl840, Cap.U.S.Navy, Algiers, 1816 
Chew„William W., Secretary of Legation, Russia, 1837 

Chion, Thomas W., Chg.d'Aff, Two Sicilies, 1849 

Claik, Franklin H., Secretary of Legation, Brazil, 1851 

Clarke, Beverly L., Min. Res., Guatemala, 1858 

do do Honduras, 1858 

Clay, Cassius M., born 1810, Min.Plen.& E.E., Russia, 1861 
Clay, Green, Secretary of Legation, Italy, 1861 

Clay, Henry, bl777 d'l852, Min. Plen. & Ex., Ghent, 1814 



OF THE UNITED STATK8. 6T 

C. S. Forelffn Ministera. Appointed. 

Clay, James, B., Chg. d'Aff , . Portugal, 1849 

Clay, John R., Sec. of Legation, Russia, 1830 

do Chg. d'Aff., Russia, 1836 

do Secretary of Legation, Austria, 1838 

do do Russia, 1845 

do Chg. d'Aff., Peru, 1847 

do En. Ex. and Min., Plen., Peru, 1853 

Clay, thomas H., Ky., Mia. Res., Honduras, 1863 

do do Nicaragua, 1862 

Clemson, Thos. G., Chg. d'Aff., Belgium, 1844 

Clifford, Nathan, born 1803, Commissioner, Mexico, 1848 

do Ed. Ex. and Min. Plen., Mexico, 1848 

Coggeshall, W. T., Ohio, dl868, Min. Res., Ecuador, 1866 

*Cogsvvell, Joseph G., Sec of Legation, Spain, 1842 

Colli Ds, Samuel P., Consul, Morocco, 1854 

Conkling, Alfred, En. Ex. and Min. Plen., Mexico, 1852 

Cooley, James, Chg. d'Aff., Peru 1826 

Corwin, Thos. bl794 dl865, En. Ex. and Plen. Mexico, 1861 

Corwin, William H., Sec. of Legation, Mexico, 1861 

Cox, Ferdinand, do Brazil, 1851 

Cox. Samuel S., do Peru, 1855 

Cramer, M. J., Min. Res., Denmark, 1870 

Crawford, Wm. H., bl772 dl834, Min. Plen., France, 1813 

Cripps, John, Sec. of Legation, . Mexico, 1853 

Crosby, E. 0., Min. Res.. Guatemala, 1861 

Crump, William, Chg. d'Aff, Chili, 1844 

Culver, Erastus D., New York, Min. Res., Venezuela, 1862 

Curtin, Andrew, G.,bl817,En.Ex.andMin.Plen.,Russia, 1867 

Cushing, Caleb; bl800. Commissioner, China, 1843 

do En. Ex. and Min. Plen.. China, 1843 

Cushing, Courtland, Chg. d'Aff., Ecuador, 1850 

Cushman, John F., Min. Res., Argentine Confederacy, 1859 

Dallas, Geo M., En. Ex. and Min. Plen., Russia, 1837 

do do Great Britain, 1856 

*Dana, F.,bl743 dl811 En. Ex. and Min. Plen.,France, 1797 

Dana, John W., Min. Res., Bolivia, 1854 

Daniel, John M., do Sardinia, 1854 

Davezac, Auguste. Secretary of Legation, Netherlands, 1829 

do Chg. d'Aff., Netherlands, 1831 

do do Two Sicilies, 1833 

do do Netherlands, 1845 



68 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

U. S, Foreign Ministers, Appointed. 

Davie, Wm.Il.,bl756 dl 820, En. Ex.&Min.Res., France, 1799 
Davis, John C B., Secretary of Legation, Great Brituia, 1849 
Davis, John W., Commissioner, China, 1848 

Dayton, Wm. L , bl807, E. E. & Min. Plea,, France, 1861 
Dearborn,Heury,Sr.,bl751 dl829, do Portugal, 1822 

Deas, Wm. A., Chg. d'Aff., Great Bri ain, 1795 

Decatur, Stephen, bl779 dl820, Cap.U.S.Navy,Algiers, 1815 
Delong, C. E., Min. Res., Jajian. 1869 

DeWitt, Chas. G.,died 1839, Chjj.d'Aff.. Cent. Amer.j 1833 
Dickerson, Mahlon,bl769 dl853,E.E.& Min.Pl., Russia, 1834 
Dickinson, Andrew B., N.Y., Min. Res., Nicaragua, 1861 
do E.E.&Min., do 1863 

Dillon, Romain, Secretary of Legation, Brazil, 1858 

Dimitry, Alex., Min. Res., Costa Rica and Nicaragua, 1859 
Dix, John A., bl798, N.Y., E. E,& Min. Plen., France, 1866 
Dodge, Augustus C, E. E.&Min. Plen., Spain, 1855 

Donelson, Andrew J., Chg.d'Afi., Texas, 1844 

do E. E. and Mia. Plen., Prussia, 1846 

do do Germany, 1848 

Dryer, Thomas J., Commissioner, Sandwich Islands, 1861 
Eames, Charles, do do 1849 

do Chg. d'Aff., Venezuela, 1854 

do Mill. Res., do 1854 

Eaton, John H., bl790 dl856,E.E.& xMin. Plen , Spain, 1836 
Edney, Balis M., Chg. d'Aff., Guatemala, 1852 

Elliott, Jonathan, Commercial Ag't, Dominican Rop., 1855 
Ellis, Powhattan, Chg. d'Aff., 

do E. E.and Min. Plen., 

Ellis, Thomas H., Secretary of Legation, 

Ellis, Vespasian, Chg. d'Aff., 

Ellsworth, Henry W., Chg. d'Aff., 

Ellsworth,01iVer,bl745 dl807,E.E.& Min.Plen.,Frauce, 1799 

Erving, R. A., Secretary of Legation, Rus ia 1853 

Eustis,Wm., bl753 dl825,E.E.& Mia.Plen.,Netherl'ds, 1814 

Eve, Jo.seph, Cha. d'Aff, Texas, 1841 

Everett,Alex.H .bl792 dl847,Sec'y Legat'n,Netherl'ds, 1814 

do Chg. d'Aff, do 1818 

do E. E. and Min. Plen., Spain, 1825 

do Commissioner, China, 1845 

Everett,Edw'd,bl794 dl865,E.E.& Mia.Plen.,Gt Brit'n,1841 

*• do Commis.sioner, China 1843, 



Mexico, 


1836 


do 


1839 


do 


1839 


mezuela, 


1849 


Sweden, 


1845 



OP THE UNITED STATES. 69 

XJ- S, Foreign Ministers. Appointed, 

Ewing, Geo. W., Secretary of Legation, Spain, 

Ewing, Geo. W., Special Agent, Denmark, 

do Min. Plen., Spain, 

Ewing, Hugh, Kansas Min. Res., Netherlands. 

Fair, Elisha Y„ Min. Pleb., Belgium, 

Faulkner, Chas.J.,bl805En.Ex. and Min. Plen , France, 
Fay, Theodore, S.,bl807,Sec.of Legation, Great Britain, 

do do Russia, 

do Min. Res., Switzerland, 

Fearn^ Walter, Secretary of Legation, Mexico, 

Fitzpatrick, Richard, Sec of Legation, Argentine Conf., 
Flenniken, Robert P., Chg. d'Aff. . Denmjirk, 

Flood, G. W., do . Texas, 

Fogg, G. G., Min. Res., Switzerland, 

Folsom, George, Chg. d'Aff., Netherlands, 

Foote, Thomas M., do Netherlands, 

do do Austria, 

Forbes, John M , Secretary of Legation, Buenos Ayres, 

do Chg. d'Aff., Buenos Ayres, 

Forsyth, John, bl780 dl841, Min. Plen., Spain, 

Forsyth, John W.. En. Ex. and Min. Plen., Mexico, 
Forward, Walter,'bl786 dl852, Chg. d'Aff., Denmark, 
*Freelinghuysen, T .F., N. J.,En.Ex.&Min.P.,Gt.Brit., 
Gadsden, James, bl788 dl858, do Mexico, 

Gallatin, Albert, bl761 dl849, do France 

Gerry, Elbridge, bl744 dl814, Sec. of Leg., Belgium, 
Giddings, J.P.,bl795 dl864, Consul Gen., Brit. N. Am., 
Goddard, C. W., do Turkey, 

Goodrich, Aaron, Secretary of Legation, Belgium, 

Gorman, Chas. T., Min. Res., Netherlands, 

Hadduck, Chas. B., Chg. d'Aff., Portugal, 

Haldeman, J. S., Min. Res., Sweden & Norway, 

Hale, Charles, bl805. Consul Gen., Egypt, 

Hale, John P., En. Ex. and Min. Plen., Spain, 

Hall, Allen, A., Tenn., Chg. d'Aff., Venezuela, 

do Min,, Res., Bolivia, 

Hamilton, Alex, Jr., Secretary of Legation, Spain, 

Hannegan, E. A.,dl859,En.Ex.and Min. Plen., Prussia, 
Hatison, Abraham, Wisconsin, Commissioner, Liberia, 
Hardin, Benjamin R., Sec, of Legation, Chili, 

Harper, Charles C, do France, 



70 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

U. S. Foreign Ministers. Appointed. 

Harrington, George, D. C, Min. Res., Switzerland, 1865 

Harris, Leavitt, Secretary of Legation, Russia, 1813 

do Chg. d'Aff., France, 1833 

Harris, Townsend, Con. Gen., Japan, 1855 

do Min. Res., * do 1858 

do do do 1861 

Harris, William A., Chg. d'Aff., Argentine Confedaracy, 1846 

Harrison, J O., Secref^ary of Legation, Spain, 1835 

Harrisou,Wm.H.,bl773 dl841,E.E.& Min.P,,Colombia,1828 

Harum, John, Chg. d'Aff., Chili, 1830 

Harvey, James E., Min. Res. , Portugal, 1861 

Hassaurek, Fred,, do Ecuador, 1861 

Haywood, William H., Chg. d'Aff., Belgium, 1837 

Heap, Samuel D., Dragoman, Turkey, 1852 

*Henry,Patrick,bl736dl799,E.E.&Min.Plen , France, 1799 

Hilliard, Henry W., born 1808, Chg. d'Aff, Belgium, 1842 

Hise. Elijah. Chg. d'Aff., Guatemala, 1848 

Hodgson, William, Dragoman, Turkey, 1832 

Holman, Jesse B., Secretary of Legation, Chili, 1852 

Homes, Henry A., Assistant Dragoman, Turkey, 1851 

Hopkins, Geo.W , bl804 dl861, Chg. d'Aff., Portugal, 1847 

Hovey, A. P., Indiana. E. E. and Min. Plen., Peru, 1865 

Howard, Tilghman A., born 1797, Chg. d'Aff., Texas, 1844 

Howard, W. A., Minister Resident, China, 1869 

Hudson, J. A., Iowa, Min. Res., Guatemala, 1869 

Hughes, Christopher, Secretary of Legation, Sweden, 1814 

do do do 1816 

do Chg. d'Aff,, do 1819 

do do Netherlands, 1825 

do ' Special Minister, Denmark, 1835 

do Chg. d'Aff., Netherlands, 1842 

Humphreys, David, bl753 dl818, Min. Res., Portugal, 1791 

do Commissioner Plenipotent'y, Algiers, 1793 

do do do Spain, 1796 

Hunter, William, bl775 dl849, Chg. d'Aff., Brazil, 1834 

do E. E. and Min. Plen., do 1841 

Hurlbut, J. A., Minister Resident, Colombia, 1869 

Ingersoll, Chas. J., bl782 dl862, Sec'y Leg., Prussia, 1837 

Ingersoll, Colin M., born 1820, do Russia, 1848 

Ingersoll, Joseph R., born 1786,E.E.& M.P.,Gt.Britain, 1852 

Ingersoll, Ralph J., do Russia, 1846 



Ot" THt! UNITED STATES. 71 

U. S. Foreign Ministers. Appo 

Irving, Washington, b]783 dl859,Sec.Leg.,Gt.BritaiD 

do E. E. and Min. Plen., Spain 

Irwin, William, died 1856, Chg. d'AiF., Denmark 

Jackson,Andrew,bl767 dl845.E.E.& Min. PL, Mexico 
Jackson, Henry, Secretary of Legation, France 

Jackson, Henry R., bl810, Chg. d'Aff., Austria 

do Min. Res., Austria 

Jackson, Isaac R., Chg. d'AiF., Denmark 

Jacobs, N. P., Consul General, East Indies 

Jay, Jno., bl745dl829,En.Ex. and Min Plen.,Gt. Brit. 

do New York, do Austria 

Jeffers, Wm. N., Chg. d'Aff., Repub. Cent. Am. 

Jenifer, Daniel, dl855, Min. Plen., Austria 

Jewett, Albert, Chg. d'Aff., Peru 

Johnson, Reverdy, Md., En,Ex.andMin.Plen., Gt. Brit 
Jones, Geo. W., Min. Res., New Grenada 

Jones, J. Glancy, En. Ex and Min. Plen., Austria 
Jones, J R., Ill , Min. Res., Belgium 

Judd, Norman B., En. Ex. and Min. Plen., Prussia 
Kavanagh, Edward, bl795 dl844, Chg. d'Aff., Portugal 
Kellogg, William, bl814, Min. Res., Guatemala 

Kennedy, John P., bl795, Secretary of Legation, Chili 
Kerr, John B., born 1809, Chg. d'Aff., Nicaragua 

Kilpatrick, H. J., N. J., En, Ex., and Min. Plen., Chili 
King, John A., bl788, Sec, of Legation, Great Britain 
King, Rufus, bl755, Wisconsin, Min. Plen., Gt. Britain 

do Eu. Ex. and Min. Plen., Gt. Britain 

do Min Res,, Rome, 

King, William R., bl786 dl852. Sec. of Leg., Russia', 

do En, Ex. and Min. Plen , France, 

King, Yelverton P., Chg d'Aff., New Grenada, 

Kinney, William B., do Sardinia, 

Kirk, Robert C, Ohio, Min. Res., Argentine Confed., 

do do Argeriliue Repub., 

Koerner, Gustavo, Illinois, E. E. & Min. Plen., Spain, 
Kriesman, H., Secretary of Legation, Prussia, 

La Branche, Alcee, Chg.d'Aff., Texas, 

Lake, S. F., Commissioner, Hawaii, 

Lamar, M, B., Minister Resident, Argentine Confed., 
do do Nicaragua, 

do do Costa Rica, 



72 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 



U. S. Foreign Ministers. Appointed 

823 

828 
828 



Lamed, Samuel, Secretary of Legation, Chili, 

do Chg. d'Aff., do 

do do Peru, 

Lawrence, Abbott bl792 dl855,E.E.& M,P.,Gt.Britain, 
Lawrence, Albert G.,R^o<ie Isl'd, Min. Res., Costa Rica. 
Lawrence, John L., Secretary of Legation, Sweden, 
Lawrence, T. B., bl827 dl869. Consul Gen'l, Italy, 
Lawrence, Wm. B., Secretary of Legation, Gt. Britain, 
Lay, George W., died 1860, Chg. d'AflF., Sweden, 

Ledyard, Henry, Secretary of Legation, France, 

Legare, Hugh S., bl797, dl841, Chg. d'Aff., Belgium, 
Letcher, R. P., died 1861, E. E. & Min. Plen., Mexico, 
Lewis, Charles H., Minister Resident, Portugal, 

Lippitt. George W., Secretary of Legation, Austria, 
Livingston,Edw'd,bl764 dl836,E.E.&Min.Ph, France, 
Livingston, Jasper H., Secretary of Legation, Spain, 
Livingston, Robert R., Minister Resident, France, 

Livingston, Van Brugli, Chg. d'Aff., Ecuador, 

Low, Fred. A., California, E. E. & Mip. Plen., China, 
Mackie, James S., Commissioner, Peru, 

MacVeagh, Wayne, Minister Resident, Turkey, 

Mann, Dudley A., Special Minister, Austria, 

do Confidential Agent, Hungar}', 

do Special Envoy, Switzerland, 

Mann, William G., Secretary of Legation, Brazil, 

Markbreit, L,, Ohio, Minister Resident, Bolivia, 

Marling, John L., Minister Resident, Guatemala, 

Marriott, James G., Secretary of Legation, Peru, 

Marsh, George P., born 1801, Min. Resident, Turkey, 
do E. E. and Min. Plen., Italy, 

Marshall, Humphrey, born 1812, Commissioner, China, 
Marshall, John,bl755 dl835,E,E.& Min. Plen., France, 
Martin, Jacob L., Chg. d'Aff., Papal States, 

Martin, John J., Secretary of Legation, Peru, 

Mason, John, do Mexico, 

Mason, John Y.,bl799 dl859,E.E,& Min. Plen , France, 
Mason, J.W., Min. Plen, and Consul General, Liberia, 
Massey, Thomas E., Secretary of Legation, Chili, 

Maxcy, Virgil, Chg. d'Aff., Belgium, 

Maxwell, John S., Secretary of Legation, Russia, 

McAfee, R, B., Chg. d'Aff., New Grenada, 



OF TUB UNmCD STATES. 73 

U. S. Foreigo Mimsters. Appointed 

McBride, JameJ=, Oregon, Win. Resident, Hawaii, 1863 

McGook, Kd. M., Ohio, do do 1866 

McCluny, A. K., Chg d'Aff., Bolivia, 1849 

McCurdy, C. J., do Austria, 1850 

McLaue,Lewis,bl784dl857,E.E;& Mia.Plen ,Gt.Brit'n,1829 

do <io do 1845 

MoLaae, Robert M., born 1815, Commissioner, China, 1853 

do E. E. and Min. Plen., Mexico, 1859 

Meagle. Richard K., Chg, d'Aff., Sardinia, 1853 

do E E and Min. Plen., Brazil, 1857 

Medary, Samuel. E. E. and Min. Plen., Chili, 1853 

Melvilie, Gatisevoort, Sec'y of Legati-on, Great Britain, 1845 

Meyer, Brants, do Mexico, 1841 

Middleton, Arthur, Jr., do Spain, 1833 

do do do 1836 

Middleton, Henry, died 1846,E,E.&Min.Plen., Russia, 1820 

Miller, Horace H., Chg.d'Aff., Bolivia, 1852 

Miller, William, do Guatemala, 1825 

Minor. Wm. T., Consul General, Havana, 1864 

Monroe, James, bl758 dl831, Min. Plan., France, 1794 

do do Great Britain, 1803 

Moore,Thos.P. bl795 dl853,E.E.&Min.Pl., Colombia, 1829 
Moran, Beaj., Assistant See'y Legation, Great Britain, 1857 
Morgan, Christopher, Connecticut, Consul Gen'l, Cuba, 1863 
Morgan, George VV., Minister Resident, Portugal, 1858 

Morgan, Thomas J., Secretary of Legation, Brazil, 1847 
Morris, Edward J., born 1817, Chg.d'Aff.,Two Sicilies, 1850 

do Min. Res., Turkey, 1851 

Morris, Gouverneur,bl752dl816, Com., Great Britain, 1789 

do Min. Plen., France, 1792 

Morris, Isaac E., Commissioner, New Grenada, 1841 

*Morton, O.P., Indiana, E.E.& Min. Plin., Gt.Britain, 1870 
MoJey, John L., Secretary of Legation, Russia, 1841 

do E. E. and Min. Pleo., Austria, 1861 

do do Great Britain, 1869 

Muhlenberg,H. A.,bl782 dl844,E.E & Min.Pl., Austria, 1838 
Murphy, Henry C, born 1810, Min. Res. , Netherlands, 1857 
Murphy, Wm.S., Confidential Envoy, Coafed. Cent Amer., 1841 

do Chg.d'Aff., Texas, 1843 

Murphy, W. W., Consul General, German Free Cities, 1861 
Murray, Wm. V., bl761 dl803, Min.Res.,Netherlands, 1797 
7 



74 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

U. S. Foreign Ministers. Ajipointed, 

Murray, Wm. V., bl761 dl803, E.E. and M.P., France, 
Navqni, l^icholas, Dragoman, Turkey, 

Nelson, Hugh, died 1836, Min. Plen., Spain, 

Nelson, John, Maryland, Chg.d'Aff., Two Sicilies, 

Nelson, Thos, A. E,., Commissioner. China, 

Nelson, Thos. H., E. E. and Min. Plen., Chili, 

do do Mexico, 

Niles, Nathaniel, bl741 dlSSS, Sec. Legation, France, 

do Special Agent, Sardinia, 

do Chg.d'Aff., do 

Nunn, David A., Tennessee, Min. Resident, Ecuador, 
O'Brien, Smith, Consul General, Algiers, 

Ogle, Andrew J., Pennsylvania, Chg.d'Aff., Denmark, 
O'Sullivan, J. L., do Portugal, 

do Minister Resident, do 

Owen, Robert D., Indiana, Chg.d'Aff., Two Sicilies, 

do Minister Resident, do 

Page, Thomas J., Special Agent, Paraguay, 

Palmer, Robert M., Min. Res., Argentine Confederacy, 
Parker, Peter, Secretary and Interpreter. China, 

do Commissioner, do 

Parrott, William S., Secretary of Legation, Mexico, 
Partridge, James R., Minister Resident, San Salvador, 

do do Venezuela, 

Peck, Henry E., Ohio, Min. Res. and Con. Gen., Hayti, 
Peden, James A.. Chg.d'Aff., Buenos Ayres, 

do Minister Resident, do 

Peirce, Henry A., Massachusetts, Min. Res., Hawaii. 
Pendleton, J. S.,Virginia,Min. Res., Argentine Confed'y, 
Pennington, W. S., Secretary of Legation, France, 
Perry, H. S., do Spain, 

Perry, Horatio J., do do 

Peyton, Bailie, E. E. and Min. Plen., Chili, 

Piatt, Donn, Secretary of Legation, France, 

Pickens, F. W., E. E. and Min. Plen., Ru.'^sia, 

Pickett, John C, Secrotary of Legation, Colombia, 

do Chg.d'Aff., Peru and Bolivia, 

Pike, James S., Minister Resident, Netherlands, 

Pinckney, Chas., bl758 dl824, Sec'y Legation, Russia, 

do Min. Plen., Spain, 

Pinckney, Chas. C, Min. Plen., France, 

do E. E. and Min. Plen., do 



OF THE UNITED STATES. T5 

V' S. Foreign Ministers. Appointed. 

Pinckney, Thomas, died 1828, Mia. Plen., Gt. Britain, 1792 

do E. E. and Min. Plea, Spain, 1794 

Pinckney, Wm.,bl765 dl822,Com.Plen.& Ex ,Gfc.Brit'n,1806 

do Min. Flea, Great Britain, 1806 

do do do 1808 

do E. E. and Min. Plen., Russia, 1816 

do Minister Resident, Two Sicilies, 1816 

Plumbe, Ed. L., Chg.d'Aff., Mexico, 1867 

Poinsett, Joel R.,bl779 dl851,E.E.& Min.Plen.,Mexico,1825 

Polk, Wm. H., bl815 dl862, Chg d'Aff., Two Sicilies, 1845 

Pollard, Richard, Chg. d'Aff. Chili, 1834 

Porter, David, Consul General, Algiers, 1830 

do Chg. d'Aff. Turkey, 1831 

do Min. Res., Turkey, 1839 

Potter, J. F., bl817, Consul General, Brit. N. Am., 1864 

Powers, James M., Chg, d'Aff.. Two Sicilies, 1844 

Preble, Wm. P., En. Ex and Min. Plen., Netherlands, 1828 

Preston, Wm., bl816, do Spain, 1858 

Proffi^ Geo. H , dl847, do Brazil, 1843 

Pruyn, Robert 11., Min. Res., Japan, 1861 

Pryor, Roger A., bl828. Special Agent, Greece, 1855 

Raguet, Condy, Chg. d'Aff, Brazil, 1825 

Randall, Alex W., Min. Res., Rome, 1861 

Randolph, John, bl773 dl833, E.E. & Min.P., Russia, 1830 

Reed, Wm. B , do China, 1857 

Reucher, Abraham; bl822, Chg. d'Aff., Portugal, 1843 

Reynolds Thos. C, Secretary of Legation, Spain, 1846 

Rich, William, do Mexico, 1852 

Riotte, Chas. N., Texas, Min. Res., Costa Rica, 1861 

do do Nicaragua, 1869 

Rives, Francis R., Secretary of Legation, 'Gt. Britain, 1842 

Rives, Wm. C, bl793, En. Ex. & Min. Plen., France, 1829 

do do France, 1849 

Roberts, Edmund, Comr., Cochin China, Siam, &c., 1833 

Robinson, Christopher, R. 1., En.Ex.&Min.Plen., Peru, 1861 

Robinson, Jeremy, Special Agent, Spain, 1833 

Rochester, Wm. R., Secretary of Legation, Panama, 1836 

Rodney, Caesar A., dl824, Mm. Plen., Buenos Ayres, 1823 

Root, Joseph P., En. Ex and Min. Plen., Chili, 1869 

Rogers, H. G., Chg. d'Aff., Sardinia, 1840 

Rousseau, J. H., Kentucky, Min. Res., Honduras, 1866 



76 THE ADMJNISTRATlO'Na 

U. S, For«ig-a Ministers. Aivpoin£e<?- 

Howan, John, Ch^. d'Aff., Two Siciliea 1848 

Rosecrans, W. S., Ohio, En. Ex. & Min. Plen., Mexico, 1868 
Rush, Benjamin, Secretary of Legation, Gt. Kritain, 1837 
Ru&h, Richard, En. Ex. and Min. Flen., Gt. Britain. 1817 

do Special Agen^, do 183G 

do En Ex. & Min. Plen., France, 1847 

Russell, Jonathan, dl832, Min. Plen., Sweden, 1814 

Rublee, Horace, Wis,, Min. Res, iSwi"t2rerlami, 18ff9 

Rutledge, Charles, Secretary of Legatiorf. Spain, 179& 

Ruycknian, Geo. W., do Chili, 1858 

ganford, Henry S., do France, 1849 

do Min. Re»., €uba, 18&1 

Sanders, R. M., En. Ex. and Min, Pkn., Spain, 1846 

Savage, Charles, Consul, Guatamala, 1838 

Sawyer, F. A.. Secretary of Legation, Spain, 184& 

gchenek, Robert C, bl809, E.E. and Min. Plen., Brazil, 1852 

do do Gt. Britain, 1870 

gcferoder, Francia, Chg. d'Aff. ^ Sweden, 1849 

do Mm. Res., Sweden, 18&^ 

Schurz, Carl, En. Ex. and Min. Plen., Spain, 1861 

Seaton, Gales, Secretary of Legation, German Conf., 1849 
Seebles, J. J., Chg. d'Aff., Belgium, 1853 

do Min. Res., Belgium, 1854 

gemple, James. Illinois, Chg. d'Aff., New Grenada, 1837 
Sargeant, John, bl779 dl852,E.E.&Min.Plen.,Panania, 182G 
Severance, Luther, bl797 dl85*5, Cohj., Sandwich Is., 1853 
Sevier, Ambrose, H., bl802 dl848, Com., Mexico, 1848 

Seward, Geo, F., Consul General, China, 1861 

Seymour, Thos. H., bl808, En.Ex.& Min P., Belgium, 1853 
geya, John, Tennessee, Min. Plen, & Con, Gen., Liberia, 1866 
Shaler, Wm., Commissioner, Algiers, 1815 

ghannon, James, Chg. d'Aff., Central America, 15^32 

Shannon, Wilson, bl802,En.Ex.and Min. Plen , Mexico, 1844 
Sheldon, Daniel, Secretary of Legation, France, 18165 

Shellabarger, S., Ohio, Min. Res., Portugal, 1869 

Shields, Benjamin G., Chg d'Aff., Venezuela, 1845 

ghort, William, do Franee, 1790 

do Min. Rea.', Netherlands, 1792 

do do Spain, 1794 

Shufeldt, Consul General, Cuba, 1861 

Sickles, Daniel E.,bl821,Sec. of Legation, Gt. Britain, 1855 

do En. Ex, & Min. Plen., Spain, 1869 



OF THE UNITED STATKS. 77 

: U. S. Foreign Ministers. Appointed. 

SHdeU, John, bl793, En. Ex. and Min. Plen., Mexico, 
do do Mexico, 

do do Central America, 

Smith, Buckingham, Secretary of Legation, Spain, 

Smith, Delazon, dl860. Special Agent, Ecuador, 

Smith, John A., Secretary of Legation, Gt. Britain, 
do do Spain, 

"do do • France, 

do do Russia, 

8niith, John C, Min. Res., Bolivia, 

Smith, John S, Secretary of Legation, Mexico, 

Smith, T. B,, Secretary of Legation, Mexico, 

Smith, W., Min. Plen., * Portugal, 

Smith, Wm. S., Secretary of Legation, Russia, 

Somcrville, Wm. C, Chg. d'AfF., Sweden, 

Soule, Pierre, En. Ex. & Min. Plen., Spain, 

Spence, Carroll. Mia. Res., Turkey, 

Stanton, Stephen K., Secretary of Legation, Russia, 
Starkweather, D. A., En. Ex. & Min. Plen. Chili 

Steele, J. Novitt, Chg d'AiF., Venezuela, 

Steele William H, do Austria, 

Stevens, John L., Min. Res., Uraguay & Paraguay, 
Stevensou, Andrew, En.Ex. & Min. Plen., Gt. Britain, 
Stiles, Wm., H., Georgia, Chg d'Aff., Austria, 

Stilwell, Thos. A., Indiana, Min. Res., Venezuela, 

Stockton, John P., Min. Res.. Papal States, 

Squire, E. G., Chg. d'Aff., Guatemala, 

do Commissioner, Peru, 

Sullivan, Peter J , Ohio, Min. Res, Colombia, 

Sumpter, Thomas, bl735 dl832. Sec. of Leg., France, 
do Min. Res , Portugal, 

Taylor, Bayard, Secretary of Legation, Russia, 

Taylor, Edward T., do Colombia, 

Ten Pjyck, Anthony, Commissioner, Sandwich Is's, 
Thayer, W. S., Consul General, Egypt, 

Thompson, Waddy, bl798,En.Bx. & Min.Plcn., Mexico, 
Thornton, James B , Chg., d'Aff., Peru, 

Throop, Eqos T., bl784, do Two Sicilies, 

Tod. David, En. Ex and Min. Plen., Brazil, 

Todd, Chas, S., do Russia, 

Torbert, A. T. A., Delaware, Min. Res., San Salvador, 
Trcscotj Wm, U., Secretary of Legation, Great Britain, 



78 



THK ADMINISTRATIONS 



Spain; 183a 

Mf ^, 1847 
Brazil. 1853 
Brazil, 182T 
Venezuela, 1858 
Great Britain, 1831 
Great Britain, 1832 
Great Britain, 1836 
Ecuador, 1849 
Great Britain, 1831 
Spain, 1829 
Japan, 1866 
Brazil, 1854 



n. S. Foreign MlDiat»rs. 

Trist, Nathaniel P., Special Agent, 

do Commisaioner, 

Trousdale, Wm., En. Ex. and Min. Plea., 

Tudor, William, Chg. d'AflF., 

Turpin, Edward A., Mia. Res., 

Vail, Aaron, Secretary of Legation, 

do Chg. d.AflF., 

do Secretary of Legation, 

Van Alen, John T., Chg. d'Aff., 

Van Buren, M., En. Ex. & Min. Plen 

Van Ness, C P., do 

VanValkenberg, R. B., New York, Min. Res., 

Venable, Wm. E., Secretary of Legation, 

Vroom, Peter D., New Jersey, E.E.& Min. Plen., Prussia, 1853 

Walker, Robert J., born 1801, Commissioner, China, 1853 

Walsh, Charles S., Secretary of Legation, Spain, 1844 

Walsh, Robert M., do Brazil, 1841 

do do Mexico, 1848' 

do Special Agent. Costa Rica, 1852 

Ward, John E., E. E. and Mm. Plen., China, 1858 

Warren, John E., Secretary Legation, Cent'l America, 1852 

Warren, Fitz Henry, Iowa, Min.Res., Guatemala, 1865 

Washburne, ElihuB.,born 1816,E.E.c^ Miri.Pl.,France, 1869 

Washburne, C. A., Commissioner, Paraguay, 1861 

Watterson, Harvey M., Tenn., Spcc'l En., Buenos Ayres, 1851 

W'atts, Beufort T., Secretary Legation, Colombia, 1824 

do Chg.d'Aff., do _ 1827 

do Secretary of Legation, Russia, 1828 

Watts,Henry M.,Pennsylvania,E E.& Min.Plen.,Austria,18a8 

Webb, James Watson, Chg.d'Aff,, do 1849 

do E. E and Min. Plen., Brazil, 1861 

Webster, Flptcher, Secretary of Legation, China, 1843 

Weller. John B., California, Min. Res., Mexico. 1860 

Wells, il. G., Minister Resident, Honduras, 1861 

West, Edward, Chg.d'Aff., 

Wheaton, Henry, Chg.d'Aff., 

do do 

do E. E. and Min. Plen., 

Wheeler, John H , Minister Resident, 

Whidden, Benj. F., New Hampshire, Com, 

White, Philo, Chg.d'Aff, 

Wickliff!, Robert J., Chg.d'Aff. 



Peru, 1854 

Denmark, 1827 

Prussia, 1835 

do 1837 

Nicaragua, 1854 

Hayti, 1862 

Ecuador, 1853 

Sardinia, 1848 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 



t9 



U. S. Foreign Ministers. Appolotod, 

Wilber, J. B., Secretary of Legation, France, 1857 

Wilkins, William, Penn.,E. E. and Min.Plen., Russia, 1834 
Williams, James, Minister Resident, Turkey, 1858 

Williams, John, Chg.d'Aff., Central American Confed., 1825 
Williams, John G A., Chg.d'Aff., Venezuela, 1335 

Williams, S. Wells, Secretary and Interpreter, China, 1855 
Wilson, C. L., 111., Secretary of Legation, England, 1861 
Wilsdn, James, Indiana, born 1822,Min.Res.,Vcnezuela, 1866 
Wing, E. Rumsey, Min. Res., Ecuador, 1870 

Wise. Henry A., bl806. En. Ex. & Min. Plen., Brazil, 1844 
Wise, 0. Jeqqiags, Secretary of Legation, Prussia, 1853 

do do France 1855 

Wood, Bradford R., Conn., Mio. Res., Denmark, 1861 

*Woodbury, Chaa. L., Chg. d'Aff., 
Woodside, J. F., do 

Wright, Edward II., Secretary of Legation, 
Wright, Joseph A.. Ea. Ex. k Min. Plen., 

do do 

Yancy, Benjamin C, Min. Res., Argentine Confederacy 1858 
Yeaman, Geo. H,,bl839, Kentucky, Min.Res., Denmark, 1865 



Bolivia, 1854 
Denmark, 1835 
Prussia, 1850 
Prussia, 1858 
Prussia, 1865 



■^■- ■ 0- 



Umted States Ministers to Foreign Countries, 

Envoys and Ministers Pievipoicntiary . 



Country, 



Court. 



Salary. 



E. B. Washburne, III, France, 
Robt. C. Schenck, 0., Gt. Britai 
John Jay, N. Y,, Austria, 

H T. Blow, Mo,, Brazil, 

Fred. F. Low, Cal., China, 
Geo. P. Marsh, Vt., Italy, 
Thos. H. Nelson, Ind., Mexico, 
George Bancroft, Mass. .Prussia, 
A, G. Curtin, Pa., Russia, 

D. E. Sickles, N. Y., Spain^ 
J. P. Root. Kansas, Chili, 
N. M, Brent, Chg. d'Aff.Pern, 



Paris, $17,500 
n.London, 17,500 
Vienna, 12.000 
RioJan'o, 12,000 
Pekin, 12,000 

Florence, 12,000 
Mexico, 12,000 
Berlin, 12,000 
Petersburg, 12.000 
Madrid, 12,000 
Santiago, 10,000 
Lima, 10,000 



App'td 

1869 
1870 
1868 
1869 
1869 
1861 
1869 
1867 
1869 
1869 
1869 
18Q5 



80 



THE ADMINISXRATIONa 



Ministers Resident. 

Country, Capital. Salary. 

Arg. Repub., Buenos Ayres,R. C Kirk, 0, $7,500 

Belgium, Brussels, J. R. Jones, 111.. do 

La Paz, L. Markbreit, 0., do 

San Jose, J. B. Blair, W., Va., do 

Copenhagen, M. J. Cramer, Ky., do 

Quito, E. R. Wing, Ky., do 

Guatemala, S. A. Hudson, la., do 



Bolivia, 

Costa Rica, 

Denmark, 

Ecuador, 

Guatemala, 

Hawaii, 

Honduras, 

Japan, 



Honolulu, 

Comayagua, 

Yedo, 



Netherlands, Hague, 

Nicaragua, Nicaragua, 

Paraguay, Asuncion, 

Portugal, Lisbon, 



H. A. Pierce, Mass., do 
Henry Baxter,Mich., do 
C. E. Belong, Or., do 
C. T. Gorham, Mich, do 
C. N. Riotte, Tezas, do 
United with Urugu'y, do 
Chas. H. Lewis, Va., do 



San Salvador, San Salvador, A.T. A. Torbert, Del,,do 
Sweden &Nor'y, Stockholm, C.C, Andrews, Mass., do 
Switzerland, Berne, Horace Rublee, Wis., do 

Turkey, Constantinople, MacVeagh, Va. , do 

Urugu'y ,&Par.,Montevidio, J. L. Stevens, Me., SI 1,000 
U. S. of (Colombia, Bogota, J. A. Hurlburt, 111., $7,500 
Venezuela, Caraocas, J. R. Partridge, Md., do 



Ministers Resident and Consuls General. 



Oouiitry, 

Hayti, 

Liberia, 



App'td 
1869 
1869 
1869 
1868 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1869 
1869 
1869 
1870 
1869 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1869 
1869 
1870 
1870 
1869 
1869 



App'td 



Port au Prince, E. D. Bassett, Pa., $7,500 1869 

Monrovia, J. Milton Turner,Mo., 4,000 1870 

Consuls General. 

Country. App'td 

Cuba, Havana, Thos. Riddle, Pa., $6,000 1870 

Brit. N. A. Prov., MontrealWm. A. Dart, N.Y., 4.000 1869 

Egypt, Alexandria, G. H. Butler, Cal., 3,500 1870 



Poraign Lsgations in the United States. 

From Appointed. 

Arg.Repub.jSenor Don Manuel R. Garcia, Min. Plen., 1868 
Austria, Baron Charles Lederer, E. E. & Min. Plen., 1868 
Belgium, Mr. Maurice Delfosse, Minister Resident, 1885 
Bragilj Counsel'i- D J,Goasales de Magalhaens,M.P., 1867 



OS' l-HE tTNITfiB STATES. 81 

Vfota, Foreign Legatioos Continaed. Appoictcds 

Chili, Senor Don Joaquin Godoy, Min. Plen., 1870 

China, No representative. 

Colombia, Senor Eniique Cortes, Chg.d'Aff., 1870 

Costa Rica, Senor Don Esquiel Guitenez, do 1870 

Penmark, Mr. F. E. de Bille, Minister Resident, 1867 

Ecuador, Sen^r Don Antonio Flores, do 1870 

France, M, le Comte Jules Treilhard, Min. Plen., 1870 

Germany, Baron Von Gerolt, E. E. and Min. Plen., 1868 
Gt. Britain, Sir Edward Thornton, E-E.& Mio. Plen., 1868 
Greese, Mr. Cleon R. Rangabe, Chg.d'Aff., 1867 

Guatemala, (See San Salvador,) 1868 

Hawaii, Mr. E. H. Allen, Min. Plen., 1870 

Hayti, Mr. Stephen Preston, Minister Resident, 1870 

Honduras, Senor Don J. R. Peres, Chg.d'Aff., 1870 

Italy, Count Tuigi Corti, E. E. and Min. Plen., 1870 

Japan, Lord Morti, (the first representative,) 1871 

Liberia, Mr. Henry M. Schieffelm, Chg.d'Aff., 1870 
Mexico, Senor Don Ignacio Mariscal, Min. Plen., 1869 
Netherlands, Mr. A. Mazel, Minister Resident, 1867 

Nicaragua, Senor Don Jose Rosa Perez, Chg.d'Aff., 1869 
Peru, Col. Don Manuel Freyre,E. E.& Min. Plen., 18G8 

Portugal, Senor Antonia Cunha, Chg.d'Aff , 1870 

Prussia, (See Germany.) 1868 

Russia, Mr. Constantin de Catacazy, E.E & Min PI. ,1869 

gan Salvador and Guatemala, D. J. M. Vela, Chg.d'Aff., 1868 
Spain, Senor Don M.Lopez Roberts,E.E.&Min.Pl.,1870 

Sweden and Norway, Oluf Steuersen, Min. Plen., 1870 

Turkey, Blacque Bey, E. E. and Min. Plen., 1867 

U. 8. of Colombia, Senor D. S, Perez, Min. Resident, 1870 
Venezuela, Senor Don M. Castro, Chg.d'Aff., 1870 

Generals of the United States Regular Army. 

Appointed. 

General William T. Sherman, Ohio, March 4, 1869 

Lieutenant General Philip H. Sheridan, Ohio, March 4, 1869 

Major General Henry W. Halleclc, New York, Aug. 19, 1861 

do George G. Meade, Pennsylvania,Aug. 18, 1864 

do Winfield S. Hancock, Penn., July 26, 1866 

' do John M. Schofield, New York, March 4, 1869 

Brigadier General Irwin McDowell, Penn., May 14, 1861 

do Philip St.George Cooke,Va.,Nov.l2, 1861 

do John Pope, Kentucky, July 14, 1862 



62 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

U. S. Generals, Appointed. 

Brigadier General Oliver O. Howard, Maine, Dec. 21, 1863 
do Alfred H. Terry, Conn.. July 15, 1865 

do Edward R. S. Canby, Ky., July 28, 1865 

do P]dward 0. C. Ord, Md., July 26, 1866 

do Christopher C. Auger, N.Y., Mar. 4, 1869 

Admirals of the United States Navy. 

Admiral David D. Porter, Pennsylvania, September 20, 1870 
Vice Admiral Stephen C. Rowan, Ohio, September 20, 1870 
Rear Admiral L. M. Goldsborough, D. C, July 16, 1862 
do Charles H. Davis, Mass., February 7, 1863 

do Sylvanus W. Godon, Peon., July 25, 1866 

do William Radford, Virginia, July 25, 1866 

do Joseph Larimao, Connecticut, Dec. 8, 1867 

do Thomas Turner, AHrginia, May 27, 1868 

do Charles H. Poor, Mass., September 20, 1868 

do John Rodgers, Maryland, December 31, 1869 

— — 

EIGHTH & NINTH U. S. CENSUSES COMPAEED. 
Showing the greatest gains in Kansas, Nebraska and Ne- 
vada, and large gains in other Western States — a stand 
still in New England with positive loss in New Hampshire 
and Maine, while the Middle and Southern States exhibit a 
small but steady increase. Total gain in ten years, 7,094,- 
859. *Indicates loss. 









Gain. 


States. 


1870. 


1860. 


per ct. 


Alabama 


996,988 


964,201 


.35 


Arkansas 


483,179 


435,450 


11. 


California 


660,285 


379.994 


47.5 


Connecticut 


537,418 


460,147 


16.8 


Delaware 


125,015 


112,216 


11.5 


Florida 


187,756 


140,424 


33.8 


Georgia 


1,200 609 


1,057,286 


13 6 


Illinois 


2,539,638 


1,711,951 


48.4 


Indiana 


1,673.046 


1,350,428 


23-9 


Iowa 


1,191,802 


674,913 


76.6 


Kansas 


362 872 


107,206 


238 5 


Kentucky 


1,321,001 


1,155,634 


14.4 


Lou-'siana 


732,781 


708,002 


3.5 


♦Maine 


626,463 


628,297 


.29 


Maryland 


780,806 


687,049 


13 7 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 83 

State, 1870. 1860. Gaia— per cent, 

Massachusetts 1,457,351 1,231,066 18 4 

Michigan 1,184,296 749,113 58.1 

Minnesota 435,511 172,023 153.2 

Mississippi 834,170 791,305 5.5 

Missouri 1,715,050 1,182,013 45.1 

Nebraska 123,000 28,841 326.5 

Nevada 42,491 6,857 519.7 

*x\ew Hampshire 318,300 326,073 .24 

New Jersey 905,794 672,035 34.8 

New 'York 4,364,411 3,880,735 12.5 

North Carolina 1,069,614 993,622 7.8 

Ohio 2,662,214 2,339,511 13.8 

Oregon 90.922 52,465 . 73.5 

Peunsylvania 3,515,993 2,906,215 21. 

Rhode Island 217,356 174,620 24.5 

South Carolina 728,000 703,708 3.5 

Tennessee 1,257,983 1,109,801 13 4 

Texas 797,500 604,215 32, 

Vermont 330.552 315,098 5. 

Virginia 1,224,830 1,219,630 ,43 

W.St Virginia 445,616 376,688 18.3 

Wisconsin 1,055,167 775,881 36. 



Total 38,095,680 31,183,744 21.1 

Dist. of Colombia 131,706 75,089 75.5 

Territories. 

Arizona 9,658 — — 

Colorado 39,706 34,277 15.9 

Dakota 14,181 4,837 193.2 

Idaho 14,998 — — 

Montana 20,594 — — 

*New Mexico 91,852 93,516 1.8 

Utah 80,785 40,273 115.6 

Washington 32,901 11,594 106.2 

Wyoming 9,118 — — 

Total district and 

territories 442,500 259,577 

Total of States 38,095,680 31,183,744 21.1 



Total United 

States 38,538^180 31,443,321 22.6 



84 



THE ADMINISTRATIONS 



Population of the Prinoipal Cities Compared. 



1870. I860. 

New York, 927,436 813,6G9 

Philadelphia, 673,726 562,559 
Brooklyn, 406,097 266,714 

St. L'lilis, 312,963 151,780 

Chicago, 299,370 109,260 

Baltimore, 283,070 212,418 

Boaton, 253,924 177.812 

Cincinnati, 218,900 161,044 

New Orleans, 184,688 173,782 
Stn Francisco, 150,351 56,802 
Buffalo, N.Y., 118,050 81,129 
Wash;ny;toa, 109,204 61,122 
Newark, N. J., 105,542 70,000 
Louisville, 100,632 68,033 

Cleveknd, 0., 93,018 43,417 
PittsburK, 86,018 49,217 

Jersey Citv, 82,630 43,884 

Detroit, Mich., 79,619 43,417 
Milwankee, 71,464 45,246 

Albany, N. Y., 69,452 62,367 
Providence, R. I.,68,906 50 666 
Rochester, N. Y. , 62,424 50,938 
Alleghany Citv, 53,185 28,702 
Richmond,Va", 51,093 37,910 
New Haven, Ct., 50,886 39,267 
Memphis, Tenn., 50,000 22,623 
Charleston, S. C. , 48,43 1 51,210 
Troy, N Y., 46,471 39,235 
Syracuse, N. Y., 43,081 26,343 
Worcester,Mass.,41,163 24,960 
Lowell, Mass , 40,937 36,827 
Indianapolis, 40,936 18,611 
Cambridge,Ma3S.,39,650 26,060 
Scranlon, Pa., 38,762 9,223 
Hartford, Ct., 37,810 29,152 
Mobile, Ala , 36,000 29,258 
Heading, Pa., 34,004 23,162 
Kansas City, Mo., 32, 296 4,418 



1870. 

Toledo, 0., 31,693 

Columbus, 0., 31,336 
Wilmington, Del.,30. 904 
Dayton, O., 30,866 

Portland, Me., 30,0f>0 
Lawrence, Mass., 29,932 
Charleslo'n,Mas3. 28,330 
Lyon, Mass , 28,231 
Fall River,Mass ,26,768 
Springfield, Mass. 26, 706 
Quincy, III., 24,368 

Salem, Mass., 24.119 
Sava.-nah, 24.000 

Manchester,!?. H. 23,509 
Harrisburg, Pa., 23,000 
Trenton,N.J., 22,920 
Peoria, III., 22,854 

Evansviile, Ind., 21,830 
N.Bcdford,MaS3.,21,232 
Oswego, N. Y., 20,980 
Elizabeth, N.J., 20,974 
Leivenworth, 20,665 
Hoboken, N.J., 20,314 
Camden, N.J. , 20,122 
Lancaster, Pa., 20,161 
Davenport, Iowa,20,141 
St. Paul, Minn., 20,045 
Bridgep rt, Ct., 19,876 
Norfork, Va , 19,254 
Petersburg, Va., 18,959 
Taunton, Mass , 18,630 
Chelsea, Mass., 18,547 
Fort \Vayne,Ind. 17,156 
Norwich, Ct., 16,563 
Sacramento, 16,298 

New Albany, Tnd 16,205 
Terro Haute,Ind. 16,201 
Omaha, Neb., 16,147 



1860. 

13,758 
18,554 
21,258 
20,081 
26,342 
17,630 
25,063 
19,083 
14,026 
15,199 
13,032 
22,252 
22,293 
20,107 
13,400 
17,228 
14,045 
11,484 
22,300 
19,288 
10,000 
7,4:^9 
9,66'i 
13.000 
17;603 
11,267 
10,401 
13,299 
14,620 
18,266 
15,376 
13,395 
9,000 
14,048 
13,785 
12,647 
8,591 
1,883 



COST or THE rOUE UNITED STATES WARS. 
Revolutionary War, Seven years, 8135,193,703.00 

War of 1812, Two and a half years, 107,159,003.00 

Mexican War, Two years, 66,000,000.00 

War of the RebellioD,Four years, over, 3,000,000,000.00 



Moderate Estimate, - i?3,308,352J06 00 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 85 

SIXTEEN AMEEICAN WARS. 



Dut<;h War, 


1673 


Tecumseh War, 


1811 


King Philip's, 


1675 


War of 


1812 


Kiog William's, 


1689 


Algerine Pirates, 


1815 


Queen Anne's, 


1744 


let Seminole War, 


1817 


French and Indian, 


1753 


2d do do 


1845 


American Revolution, 


1775 


Black Hawk do 


1832 


Indian War, 


1790 


Mexican War, 


1846 


Barbarj War, 


1803 


Southern Rebellion, 


1861 



Eleven Rebellions in the United States. 

Since the organization of the Federal Grovernoient, eleven 
attempts have been made to resist its authority. The first 
was in 1782 — a censpiracy of some of the Officers of the 
Federal Army to consolidate the Thirteen States into one, and 
confer the supreme power upon Washington. The second in 
1787, called Shay's insurrection, in Massachusetts. The 
third in 1794,called the whiskey insurrection of Pennsylvania. 
The fourth in 1814, by the Hartford Convention. The fifth 
in 1820, on the question of the admission of Missouri into 
the Union. The sixth was a collision between the Legisla- 
ture of Georgia and the Federal Government, in regard to 
the lands given to the Creek Indians. The seventh was in 
1830, with the Cherokees in Georgia. The eighth was the 
memorable nullifying ordinance of South Carolina, in 1832. 
The ninth was in 1842, in Rhode Island, between the Suf- 
frage Association and the State Authorities. The tenth was 
in 1856, on the part of Mormons, who resisted the Federal 
authorities. The eleventh was the late attempt at Secession. 



Salaries of United States Officers. 

President, ^25,000. Vice President, $8,000. Members 
of the Cabinet, §8,000. Chief Justice of the Supreme 
Court, $8,500. Associate Justice, 8,000. Judges of Circuit 
and District Courts, each, $6,000. Chief Justices of Supe- 
rior; Court and Court of Claims, each, 86,000. Associate 
Justices of same, each, §5000. Members of Congress, §5,000 
and mileage. Speaker of Congress,^8,000, and mileage. Clerk 
of the House, §4,320. Secretary of the Senate, §4,320. U. 



86 



THE ADMINISTRATIONS 



8. Ministers to France and Great Britain, eacli, $17,500. 
Ministers to Austria, Brazil, China, Italy, Mexico, Prussia, 
Russia, and Spain, each, $12,000. Ministers to Chili and 
Peru, $10,000. To Liberia, $4,000. Ministers to other 
countries not named, $7,500. 



Immigration, from 1820 to 1871—51 Years. 



TEAH. 

1820 

1821 

1822 

1823 

1824 

1825 

1826 

1827 

1828 

1829 

1830 

1831 

1832 



NO. 

8,385 

9,127 

6,911 

6,354 

7,912 

10,199 

10,837 

18,875 

27,382 

22,520 

23,322 

22,633 

60,482 



TEAR. 

1833 
1834 
1835 
1836 
1837 
1838 
1839 
1840 
18-11 



NO. 
58,640 
65,365 
45,374 
76,242 
79,340 
39,914 
68,069 
84,066 
80,289 



1742 104,565 

1843 62,496 

1844 78,615 

1845 114,371 



TEAR. 

1846 

1847 

1848 

1849 

1850 

1851 

1852 

1853 

1854 

1855 

1856 

1857 

1858 



NO. 
154,415 
234,968 
226,527 
297,024 
369,930 
379,466 
371,603 
368,645 
427,833 
200,877 
200,436 
251.306 
123,126 

Total, 



TEAR. 

1859 
18G0 
1861 
1862 
1863 
1864 
1865 
1866 
1867 
1868 
1869 
1870 



KO. 
121,282 
153,640 
91,920 
91,987 
176,282 
193,418 
248,120 
318,554 
293,358 
297,215 
389,651 
387,098 

7,556,007' 



No. of Immigrants who spoke English, 4,104,553 

do do do German & Scandi'n, 2,643,069 

do do do Slavic, 7,373 

do do do Asiatic Languages, 109,169 

do do do African do 571 

do do do Greek, 195 

No, who spoke French, Italian, Portugese or Spanish, 377,889 

Our Immigrants, for 50 Years past, came from 
Abysinnia, 5. Arabia, 33. Australia, 246. Austria, 7,904. 
The Azores, 6,636. Barbary States, 11. Belgium,! 6,850. Ber- 
mudas, 61. Bolivia, 3. Brazil, 45. British America, 271,185. 
Buenos Ayres, 7. The Canaries.290. Cape of Good Hope, 88. 
Cape de Verde, 71. Central America, 1,007. Chili, 28. 
China, 108,610. Corsica, 11. Cuba, 3,960. Denmark, 
23,221; East India, 79. Egypt, 20. England, 501,316. 
France, 245,147. Germany, 2,250,822. Greece, 195. Guiana, 
53. Great Britain,(general,) 1,824,078. Hayti, 81. Hol- 
land, 30,905. Hungary, 488. Iceland, 11. India, 178. 
Ireland, 1,406,030 Italy, 23,387, Jamaica, 85. Japan, 215. 
Liberia, 64. Madeira. 313. Malta, 127. Mexico, 20,039. 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 87 

Miquelon, 3. New Grenada, 2. New Zealand, 17. Norway, 
(see Sweden.) Pacific Islands, 5. Paraguay, 1. Peru, 36. 
Persia, 14. Poland, 3,955. Porto Rico. 50. Portugal, 4,416, 
Prussia, 100 983 Russia, 2,930. Sandwich Islands, 35. 
Sardinia, 2 103. Scotland, 82,403. Sicily, 675. South Amer- 
ica,(general,) 7,407. Spain, 23,090. St. Helena, 33. Swe- 
den and Norway, 151,104. Switzerland, 61,269. Syria, 4. 
Turkey. 299, Venezuela, 40. Wales, 12,213. West Indies, 
(in general,; 45,458. From other countries not specified, 
312,889. 

Destination of Immigrantt, from 1855 io 1870. 

Alabama, 577. Arkansas, 302. Australia, 13. Bermuda, 2. 
British Columbia, 466. California^ 22,823 Canada, 50,828. 
Central America, 113. China, 6. Colorado, 170. Connect- 
icut, 39,169. Cuba, 349. Dacotah, 49. Delaware, 2,011. 
District of Columbia, 9,129. Florida, 199. Georgia, 1,623. 
Idaho, 32. Illinois, 213,315. Indiana, 29,570. Iowa, 44,286. 
Japan, 1. Kansas, 5,052. Kentucky, 11,657. Louisiana, 
4,353. Maine, 4,013. Ma-yland, 18,033. Massachusetts, 
111,129. Mexico, 210. Minnesota, 29,360. Mississippi, 603. 
Missouri, 44,309. Montana, 33. Nebraska, 4,198. Nevada, 
80. New Brunswick, 1,028. New Dominion, 816. New 
Hampshire, 2,859. New Jersey, 63,109. New Mexico, 50. 
New York, and not avowed, 972,267. North Carolina, 784, 
Ohio, 120,428. Oregon, 189. Pennsylv'a, 224,880. Rhode 
Island, 21,430. Russian America, 1. South America, 556. 
Sandwich Islands, 1. South Carolina, 1,854. Tennessee, 
1,522. Utah, 23,735. Unknown, 22,035. Vermont, 4,405. 
Virginia, 8,235. Van Couver's Island, 6. Washing! on Ter- 
ritory, 6. West Indies, 141. West Virginia, 172. Wis- 
consin, 121,660. Wyoming, 5. 

No. whose avowed destinat'n was the Eastern States, 183,005 
do do do do South East'n States, 13,444 

do do do do Middle States, 317,162 

r do do do do North West'n States, 664,389 

do do do do South West'n States, 66,917 

do do do do Pacific States, 47,172 

No. whose destination was New York, or " Unknown," 994^302 



88 THE ADMINISTRATION3 

The Forty-second United States Congress. 

Began March 4, 1871, and ends March 4, 1873. 

SENATE, (14 Memberi.) 

Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana, President. 

George C. Gorman, of California, Secretary. 

Republicans ^57) in Roman. Democrats (16) in Italics. Hill, of Oe.'rgia, Oon- 
•errativc. *Tbose thus marked, re-elected, 

ALABAMA. 

Ohoaen, Nstlva of Teim E!xptre». 

1868 George E. Spencer, born 1836, New York, 1873 

1871 William Goldthwaite, Massachusetts, 1877 

ARKANSAS. 

1868 Benjamin F. nice, born 1828, New York, 1873 
1871 Powell Clayton, Pennsylvania, 1877 

CALIFORNIA. 

1867 Cornelius Cole, born 1822, New York, 1873 

1869 Eugene Casserli/, born 1823, Ireland, 1875 

CONNECTICUT. 

1867 Orris S. Ferry, born 1823, Connecticut, 1873 
1869 William A. Buckingham, born 1804, Connecticut, 1875 

DELAWARE. 

1869 Thomas F. Bayard, born 1828, Delaware, 1875 

1871 Eli Saulshury Delaware, 1877 

FLORIDA. 

1868 Thomas W. Osborn, born 1836, New Jersey, 1873 

1869 Abijah Gilbert, New York, 1875 

GEORGIA. 

1868 Joshua Hill, Conservative, 1873 

1870 Foster Blodgett, 1877 

ILLINOIS. 

1855 Lyman Trumbull, born 1813, Connecticut, 1873 

1871 John A. Logan, Illinois, 1877 

INDIANA. 

1867 Oliver P. Morton, born 1823, Indiana, 1873 

1869 Daniel D. Pratt, born 1813, Maine, 1875 

IOWA. 

1855 James Harlan, born 1820, Illinois, 1873 

1871 George G. Wright, Iowa, 1877 

KANSAS. 

1861 Samuel C. Pomeroy, born 1816, Massachusetts, 1873 
1871 Alexander Caldwell, 1877 



OF THE UNITED STATES, b9 

KENTUCKY. 
Cbos<>ii. U. 8. Senator*. NatiTe of T»rni Bxpirea. 

1861 Garrett DavU, bora 1801, Keatucky, 187a 

1871 John W. Stevenson, Kentucky, 187T 

, LOUISIANA.. 

1868 William Pitt Kellogg, born 1830 Vermont, 1873: 

1871 J. Rodman West, Pennsylvania, 187T 

MAINE. 

1848 *Hannibal Hamlin, boru 1809, Maine, 1875 

1861 Lot M. Morri.l, born 1815, Maine, 187T 

MARYLAND. 

1868 G^corf/eFic/cers, born 1801, Maryland, 18T3 

1869 William T. Hamilton, Maryland, 1875 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

1851 Charles Sumner, born 1811, Massachusetts, 1875 

1855 Henry Wilson, born 1812, Massachusetts, 1877 

MICHIGAN. 

1857 Zachariah Chandler, born 1813, New Hampshire, 1875 

1871 Thomas W. Ferry, born 1827, Michigan, 1877 

MINNESOTA. 

1863 Alexander Ramsey, born 1815, Pennsylvania, 1875 

1871 William Windom, born 1827, Ohio, 1877 

MISSISSIPPI. 

1870 Adelbert Ames, born 1835, Maine, 1875 

1871 James L. Alcorn, Mississippi, 1877 

MISSOURI. 

1869 Carl Schurz, born 1829, Germany, 1875 

1871 Frank P. Blair, Jr., Kentucky, 1877 

NEBRASKA. 

1867 Thomas W. Tipton, born 1817, Ohio, 1875 

1871 Phineas W. Hitchcock, New York, 187T 

NEVADA. 

1865 James W. Nye, born 1815, New York, 1873 

1865 William M. Stewart born 1827, New York, 1875 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

1867 James W. Patterson, born 1823, New Hampshire,1873 

1865 *Aaron H. Cragin, born 1821, Vermont, 1877 

NEW JERSEY. 

1865 John P. Stochton, born 1826, New Jersey, 1875 

1867 F. T. Frelinghuysen, New Jersey, 1877 



^0 TQK ADMIMISTBATIONft 

NEW YOKK. 

Chosen. U. S. Senators. NatiT* of Term £x{4r£i«. 

1867 Roscoe Cookling, bora 1829, New York, 187ii. 
1869 Reuben E, Featon, born 1819, New York, 1875> 

NORTH CAROLINA. 

1868 John Pool, born 1826, North Carolina. 18Ta 
1871 Ttehulon B. Vance, North Carolina, 187.T 

OHIO» 

1861 John Sherman, bora 1823. Ohio, 1873 

1869 Allen G. Thurnian, born 1813, Virgima-, 1875 

OKEGON. 

1867 Henry W. Corbett, born 182T, Massachusetts, 187^ 
1871 Joseph r. Kelly, Pennsylvania, 1877 

PENNS^YLVANIAv 

1845 Simon Cameron, born 1799, Pennsylvania^ 1873 

1869 John Scott, born 1824, Pennsylvania, 1875 

KHODS ISLAND. 

1863 William Sprague, born 1830, Rhode Island, 1875 

1859 *Henry B. Anthony, born 1815, Rhode Island, 1877 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

1868 Frederick A. Sawyer, born 1822, Massachusetts, 1873 

1868 *Thomas J. Robertson, born 1823, South ClaroUna 1877 

TENNESSEE. 

1869 William G. Brownlow, born 1805, Virginia, 1875 
1871 Henry Copper f Tennessee, 1877 

TEXAS. 

1870 J. W. Flanagan, born 1805, Virginia, 1875 
1870 *Morgaa C. Hamilton, born 1809, Alabama, 1877 

VERMONT. 

1867 Justin S. Morrill, born 1810, Vermont, 1873 

1866 George F. Edmunds, born 1828, Vermont, 1875 

VIRGINIA 

1870 John P. Lewis, born 1818, Virginia, 1875 

1871 Notyetchoseo, 1877 

WEST VIRGINIA, 

1869 Arthur I. Boreman, born 1823, Pennsylvania, 1875 
1871 H. G. Davis, 1877 

WISCONSIN. 

1861 Timothy O. Howe, born 1816, Maine, 1873 

1869 Matthew H. Carpenter, born 1824, Vermont, 1875 



O? THS UNITED STATBJ. 



HOUSS OF REPR£S£IfTATlV£S. (243 Bfemlien.^ 

James G. Blaine, of Maine, Speaker. 

Edward McPherson, of Pennsylvaaia, Clerk. 

KepubOloaai [la Roman] 131. Democrats [ia Malics} US. Yet (a be obasMt U. 



ALABAMA. 
Diat. » 

1 Benj. S. Turner, negro. 

2 Chas. W.Buckley jbornl 835 

3 W. A. Handley. 

4 Charles Hays, bl834 

5 Peter M. Dox, bl813 

6 Josej:h ff, Sloss, 

ARKANSAS, 

1 James M. Hanks. 

2 O. P, Snyaer. 

3 John Edwards, Ind. 

CALIFORNIA. 

3 yet to be electecj. 

CONNECTICUT. 

4 yet to be elected. 

DELAWARE. 

Benj. T, Big<js, bl821 

FLORIDA. 

Josiah T. Walls, negro. 

GEORGIA 

\ A. T. Mclntyre. 

2 NeUm Tift. 

3 John S. Bigby, 

4 Thomas J, Speer. 

5 D. M. Duhose. 

6 William T. Pries. 

7 Pierce M. B. Young. 

ILLINOIS, 

1 Charles B. Farwell. 

2 Jno. F. Farnsworth,bl820 

3 HoratioC.Burohard,bl825 

4 John B. Hawley, bl831 

5 Bradford ^. Stevens. 

6 Burfon C. Cook, bl819 
" 7 Jesse H. Moore, bl817 

8 JamesC. Robinson. 

9 Thomp.WMcMel^,him^ 



Dlat. 

10 Edward Y. Rice. 

11 Sam'l S. Marshall,blSH 

12 John B, Hay, bl834 

13 John M. Orehs, blSatt 
Vacancy. 

INDIANA, 

1 William E.Nihlack, bl822 

2 Michael C. Kerr, bl82T 

3 William S. Holman,\>\^Z 

4 Joseph M. Wilson. 

5 John Coburn, bl825 

6 DanielW. Voarhees, bl82a 

7 Maklon D. Manson. 

8 JamesN.Tyner, bl826 

9 John P. 0. Shanks, bl82e 

10 William Williams, bl82l 

11 Jasper Packard, bl832 

IOWA. 

1 Geo, W. McCrary, bl835 
3 A. B. Cotton. 

3 W. G. Don nan. 

4 Madison M. Walden. 

5 Prank W. Palmer, bia27 

6 Jackson Orr. 

KANSAS. 

1 D. P, Lowe. 

KENTUCKY. 

1 Edward Orosland. 

2 Henry D. McHenry. 

3 Joseph H, Lewis, bl824 

4 William B. Bead. 

5 Boyd Winchester, bl336 

6 William E. Arthur, 

7 James B, Beck. 

8 George M. Adams, bl837 

9 John M. Bice, 



92 



THE ADMINISXEATIONS 



Diet. U. 8. Representatives. 
LOUISIANA. 

1 J. Hale Sypher, bl837 

2 Lionel A. Sheldon, bl831 

3 C. B. Darrall, bl842 

4 James McClerry. 

5 Frank Morey, bl840 

MAINE. 

1 John Lynch, bl825 

2 William P. Prye. 

3 James G. Blaine, bl830 

4 John A. Peters, bl822 

5 Eugene Hale, bl836 

MARYLAND. 

1 Samuel Ilambleton, hlSl2 

2 Stevenson Archer, bl827 

3 Thomas Swann. 

4 John Ritchie. 

5 William M. Merrick. 

MASSACHUSETIS. 

1 James Buffiuton, bl817 

2 Oakes Ames, bl804 

3 Ginery Twichell, blBll 

4 Samuel Hooper, bl808 

5 Benj. F. Butler, bl818 

6 Nathaniel P. Banks,bl8l6 

7 George M. Brooks, bl82-t 

8 George F. Hoar, bl826 

9 Wm. B. Washburn,bl820 
10 Henry L. Dawes, bl8l6 

MICHIGAN. 

1 Henry Waldron. 

2 Wm. L. Stoughton, bl827 

3 Austin Blair, bl8l8 

4 Vacancy. 

6 Omar D. Conger, bl818 
6 Jabez G. Sutherland. 
MINNESOTA. 

1 Mark H. Bunnell. 

2 John T. Averill. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

1 George E. Harris, bl827 

2 J, L. Mor|.hi8, bl831 



Dist. U. S. Representatlrea, 

3 Henry W. Barry. 

4 George C McKee, bl837 

5 Le Grand W. Perce,bl836 

MISSOURI. 

1 Erastua Wells, bl823 

2 G. A. Finkelnburg, bl837 

3 J. E.McCormick, bl824 

4 H. E. Havens. 

5 Samuel S. Burdett, bl836 

6 A. Cominf/o, 

7 Isaac C. Parker. 

8 James G. Blair, Ind. 

9 Andrew King. 

NEBRASKA. 

John Taffe. bl827 

NEVADA, 
C. W. Kendall. 
NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

3 yet to be elected. 

NEW JERSEY. 

1 John W. Hazletoa. 

2 Samuel 0. Forker. 

3 John T Bird, bl829 

4 John Hill, bl821 

5 George A. Halsey. 

NEW YORK. 

1 Dwight Townsend. 

2 Thomas Kinsella, 

3 Henri/ W. Slocum. bl827 

4 Robert B. Roosevelt. 

5 William R. Roberts. 

6 Samuel S. Cox, bl824 

7 Smith Ely, Jr. 

8 James Brooks, bl810 

9 Fernando Wood, bl812 

10 Clarkson N. Po«er,bl825 

11 Charles St. John. 

12 John H. Ketcham, bl832 

13 Joseph H. Tuthill. 

14 Eli Perry. 

15 Joseph M. Warren. 

16 John Rogers, 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 



93 



DIst, V. S, Representatives. 

17 Win. A. Wheeler, bl819 

18 Joh?i At. Carroll. 

19 Elizur fl. Prindle. 

20 Clinton L. Merriam. 

21 Ellis H. Roberta. 

22 William E. Lansing. 

23 R. Holland Duell. 

24 John E. Seeley. 

25 William 'fl. Lamport. 

26 Milo Goodrich. 

27 Horace B. Smith. 

28 Freeman Clarke. 

29 Seth Wakeman. 

30 William Williams. 

31 Walter L. Sessions. 

NORTH CAHOLINA. 

1 Clinton L. Cobb, bl842 

2 Charles R. Thomas. 

3 Alfred M Waddel. 

4 Sion H. Rogers. 

5 James M. Leach. 

6 Francis E. Shoher. 

7 J. C. Harper. 

OHIO. 

1 Aaron F. Perry. 

2 Job E. Stevenson, bl831 

3 Lewis D. Campbell. 

4 J. F. McKenney. 

5 Charles L. Latnison. 

6 John A. Smith, bl8l4 

7 Samuel Shellabarger. 

8 John Beatty, bl828 

9 Charles Foster. 

10 Erasmus D. Peck, bl808 

11 John T. Wilson, bl811 

12 Philad. V Trump, bl810 

13 GeorgeW. Morgan.hl^'i^ 

14 James Monroe 

15 William P. Sprague. 

16 John A. Bingham, bl815 

17 Jacob A. Ambler, bl829 



Dist. U. S. Representatives. " 

18 William H. Upson, bl823 

19 James A. Garfield, bl831 

OREGON, 

Joseph H. Slater. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 

1 Sam'l J. Randall, bl 828 

2 J. V. Creely. 

3 Leonard Myers, bl827 

4 William D Kelley, bl814 

5 A. C. Harmer. 

6 E. L. Acker. 

7 Wash. Townsend, bl813 

8 J Larvrence Getz, bl821 

9 Oliver J. Dickey, bl823 

10 John W. Killinger. 

11 John B. Storms. 

12 L. D. Shoemaker. 

13 Ulysses Mercur, bl818 

14 John B. Packer, bl824 

15 Rich. J. i/aWcni«?i,bl831 
\% B. F. Meyers. 

11 R. Milton Spear. 

18 Henry Shencood. 

19 Glenni W.Schofield,bl817 

20 Samuel Griffith. 

21 Henry D. Foster. 

22 James S. Negley, bl836 

23 Eben McJunkin. 

24 William McClelland. 

RHODE ISLAND. 

1 Benjamin T. Eames. 

2 James M. Pendleton. 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

1 Jos. H. Rainey,neg.,bl832 

2 Robert C. DeLarge,negro. 

3 Robert B . Elliot, negro. 

4 Alex S. Wallace, bl810 

TENNESSEE. 

1 Roderick R. Butler,bl827 

2 Horace Maynard, bl814 
'6 A. E. Garrett. 



94 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

Dirt. U. S ReprcBentatives. Dist. U. S. Uepresentativea. 

4 John M Bright. 5 7?. T. W. Duke, bl822 

b E. J GoUiday. 6 John T. Harris. 

6 W. C. Whifthorne. 7 E/liott M. Braxton, 

7 Robert P. Caldwell. 8 William Terry. 

8 W. W. Vaughan. WEST VIRGINIA. 

TEXAS. 1 John J. Davis. 

4 jet to be elected. 2 Frank Hereford. 

VERMONT. 3 John S. Witcher, bl839 

1 Charles W. Willard,bl827 Wisconsin. 

2 Luke P. Poland, bl815 1 Alexander Mitchell. 

3 Worth'n C. Smith, bl823 2 Georj?e W. Hazelton. 

VIRGINIA. 3 J. Allen Barber. 

1 John Criti-her. 4 Chas. A. Eldrid<je,h\S2l 

2 James H. Piatt, Jr.,bl837 5 Philetus Sawyer, bl816 

3 Charles H. Porter. 6 Jeremiah M. Rusk. 

4 W. H. H. Stowell. 



DELEGATES FROM THE TERRITORIES. 

Arizona, R. C. Mc(]ormick. Colorado, Jerome B. Cliaf- 
fee. Dakota, M. K. Armstrong. Idaho, S. A. Merritt, 
Montana and New Mexico, (To be elected.) Utah, Wm. 
H. Hooper. Washington, Selencius Garfielde, Wyoming, 
William T. Jones. 



MEXICAN AND UNITED STATES COMMISSIONS. 

On the part of the United States, W. H. Wadsworth, Com'r. 

do do J. Hubley Ash ton, Agent. 

do do Randolph Coyle, Sec'y. 

On the part of Mexico, Francisco Gomez Palacio, Com'r. 

do do Caleb Gushing, Agent. 

do do J. Carlos Mexia, Sec'y. 



SAN DOMINGO COMMISSION. 

Ex-Senator Benjamin F.Wade, of Ohio, Andrew D. White, 
President of Cornell University, New York, and Dr, Samuel 
G. Howe, of Boston. Allan A. Burton, Secretary of Com- 
mission. General Sigel, Professor Crane, Captain Wade and 
Fred, Douglass, Jr., Private Secretaries. Professors Blake 



OF THE UNITED STATES. 95 

and Ward, Geologists. Professors C. C, Barrj, H. Brummel 
and C. Wright, Botanists. Professor Newcomb, Medical 
Statistician. Hitt and Foley, Stenographers. Representa- 
tives of the Press. 



Joint High Commission on the Alabama Claims. 

On the part of the United States: 
Hamilton Fish, Secrtary of State. R. C. Schenck, Minis- 
ter to Great Britain. Justice Samuel Nelson. E. R. Hoar, 
Ex-Attorney General. Ex-Senator G. H, Williams, of Or- 
egon. 

On the part of Great Britain: 
Earl de Grey and Ripon, President. Lord Charles Ten- 
terden, Secretary. Professor Montague Bernard, Sir Staf- 
lord Northcote, of England, and Sir John A. McDonald, of 
Canada. Attachees — Viscount F. Goderich, (Earl Grey's son) 
Henry Howard and Frederick Cremer. 



Government Receipts and Expenses. 

The following table contains an exhibit of the aggregates 
of the receipts and expenditures of the Government from the 
30th of June, 1860, to the 30th of June, 1870 : 



Years. 


Receipts. 


Expenditures. 


I860 


$ 55,976,833 89 


% 63,025,789 34 


1861 


41,344,983 82 


66,357,128 20 


1862 


51,935,720 76 


474,744,781 22 


1863 


111,399,766 48 


714,709,995 58 


1864 


260,623,717 44 


855,234,087 86 


1865 


329,567,886 66 


1,290,312,982 41 


1866 


560,250,353 00 


520,809,416 90 


1867 


490,634,010 27 


357,542,478 71 


1868 


405,638,083 32 


337,340,284 86 


1869 


370,943,747 21 


321,490,597 75 


1870 


408,831,372 42 


292,111,269 31 



Total, $3,087,155,475 30 $5,303,700,811 23 

The difference between these two aggregates is §2, 216, 545,- 
335 93. The average annual expenditure for a period often 
years is $530,370,081 12. The average annual receipts for 
the same period are $308,715,547 53. From 1860 to the 



96 THE ADMINISTRATIONS 

close of the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1865, the expendi- 
tures were largely in excess of the receipts. From the latter 
period to June 30th, 1870, the receipts very coasiderably ex- 
ceeded the expenditures, in the aggregate amounting to 
$407,003,518 60. 

In the following items we see for what the expenditures 
were incurred for ten years, ending June 30th, 1870 : 
For the Executive S 56,000,000 00 

For the Judiciary, about 15,000,000 00 

For the Army and Volunteers 1,140,632,060 94 

For the Quartermaster's supplies, En- 
gineers' and miscellaneous supplies 
of the War Department and Army 2,146,776,896 53 
For Bounties from 1863 to 1870 98,208,000 00 

For the Navy 480,043,081 25 

For Pensions, naval and Military 136,931,457 58 

For the Indians 39,235,017 78 

For Interest on the Public Debt 851,850,713 29 

For Congress 36,969,649 78 

For Public Buildings, over 17,000,000 CO 

For Postal deficiencies, over 25,000,000 00 

For Impiovement of Rivers and Harbors 

nearly 13,000,000 00 

For Foreign Intercourse, over 20,000,000 00 

For Expenses of collecting Customs Revenue 52,591,811 93 
For Expenses of collecting Internal Rev- 
enue since 1866 39,000,000 00 
For various miscellaneous expenses, over 175,000,000 00 
We have compiled the above figures from an interesting 
statement prepared by the Treasury Department, showing in 
detail the financial history of the Government for the last 
ten years. At the commencement of this period the public 
debt was about one hundred millions of dollars, and now it is 
more than two billions. (^Neio York Independent,) 



BOUTWELL'S FIITANCIAL ADMINISTEATION. 
Cash in U. S. Treasury, March 1, 1871, S 124,028,814 31 
Debt, le.s cash in the Treas.,Mar. 1, 1871, 2,320,708,846 92 
Debt, less cash in the Treas , Feb. 1, 1871, 2,328,026,807 00 
Decrease of debt during Feb., 1871, 7.317,960 08 

Decrease of debt since Mar.1,1870,12 months,ll7,6l9,630 25 
Decrease of debt since Mar.1,1869, 24 months,204,754,413 09 



GENERAL INDEX. 

Admirals of the United States Navy, Page 82 

Assistant Secretaries of the United States Treasury, do 44 

Boutwell's Financial Administration, do 96 

Censuses, United States, Eijihth and Ninth, do 82 

Cpmmission, Mexican and United States, do 94 

do Joint High, do 95 

do San Domingo, do 94 

Congress, XLIId, Members of, do 88 

do Continental, Members of, do 54 

do do Presidents of, do 54 

do do and United States, Sessions of, do 63 

Events and Finances, (see each Administration.) 

Foreign Legations in the United States, Page 80 

Foreign Ministers of the United States, do 79 

Generals of the United States Army, do 81 

Government Receipts and Expenditures, do 95 

House of Representatives, Chaplains of, do 49 

do do Clerks of, do 48 

do do Members of, do 91 

do do Speakers, (see each Admin.) 

Immigration Statistics, Page 86 

Ministers, U. S. Foreign, from 1789 to 1871, do 64 

Population of United States Cities, do 84 

Rebellions, Eleven United States, do 85 

Salaries of United States Officers, do 85 

Senate, United States, Chaplains of, do 49 

do do Members of, do 88 

do do Presidents pro tem. of, do 46 

do do Secretaries of, do 48 

Signers of the Declaration of independence, do 50 

do do Articles of Confederation, U. S., do 52 

do do United States Constitution, do 53 

Supreme Court, Justices of, do 44 

do do Clerks of, do 46 

do do Marshals of, do 46 

do do Reporters of, do 46 

Treasurers of the United States, do 43 

Wars, Cost of Four United Statea, do 84 

Wars, Sixteen American, do S5 



^ 



TO THE 

Eia-HTHJKIS' A.DMilNISTR^TION'S. 

The Numbers refer to corrtuponding numbers among the Eighteen Administra- 
tions, thereby indicating what office or offices the person held ; as, John Adams, 
"Vice President," (No. 2, page 3,) and then "President," (No. 21, page 6.) 



Akerman, Amos T., 
Adams, John, 2, 

Adams,John Quincy, 86, 
Armstrong, John, 
Badger, George E., 161, 
Bancrott, George, 
Banks, Nathaniel P., 
Barbour, James, 
Barbour, PhiHp P., 
Barry, William T., 
Bates, Edward, 
Belknap, Wm. W., 
Bell, John, 140, 160, 
Berrien, John M., 
Bibb, George M., 
Black,Jeremiah S., 256, 
Blaine, James G., 
Blair, Montgomery, 
Borie, Adolph E., 
Boutwell, George S., 
Boyd, Linn, 240, 

Bradford, William, 
Branch, John, 
Breckenridge, John, 
Breckenridge, John C, 
Bright, Jesse D., 
Brown, Aaron V., 
Browning, Orville H., 
Buchanan, James, 197, 
Burr, Aaron, 
Burt, Armisted, 
Butler, Benj. F., 135, 
Cabot, George, 
Calhoun, John C, 90, 
do do 115, 

Cameron, Simon, 
9 



328 Campbell, George W., 65 
21 Campbell, James, 249 

103 Cass, Lewis, 127, 255 
68 Chase, Salmon P., 276 

181 Cheves, Langdon, 82 

200 Clay,Henry,80, 81, 83, 98 

252 do 99, 102. 105 
107 Clayton, John M., 211, 221 
101 Clifford, Nathan, 204 
131 Clinton, George, 40, 59 
286 Cobb, Howell, 218, 240, 257 

321 Coffee, Titian J., 287 
176 Colfax, Schuyler, 290, 309 
133 do do 310,313 
175 Collamer, Jacob, 216, 233 
268 Conrad, Charles M., 227 

329 Corwin, Tbomas, 225 
284 Cox, Jacob D., 324 

322 Crawford, Geo. W., 213, 226 
317 Crawford, Wm. H., 70, 87 
251 Creswell, Jobn A. J., 326 

15 Crittenden, John J., 163, 188 

128 do do 237 

52 Crowninshield, B.W.,73, 91 

254 Crowninshield, Jacob, 47 

243 Cushing, Caleb, 250 

265 Dallas, Alexander J., 66 

303 Dallas, George M., 196 

253 Davis, Jefferson, 246 
39 Davis, John W., 206 

208 Dayton, Jonathan, 20, 35 

151 Dearborn, Henry, 44 

30 Delano, Columbus, 325 

104 Dennison, William, 285, 304 
171 Dent, George, 36 
279 Dexter, Samuel,' 26, 28, 42 



SPECIAL INDEX — CONTINUED. 



99 



Dickerson, Mahlon, 130, 147 
Dix. John A., 259 

Dobbin, James C., 247 

Duane, Wm, J., 123 

Eaton, John H., 126 

Eustis, William, 67 

Evarts, William M., 308 

Everett, Edward, 223 

tlwing, Thomas, 159, 172 
do do 215, 231 

Fessenden, Wm. Pitt, 277 
Fillmore, Millard, 210, 219 
Fish, Hamilton, 315 

Floyd, John B., 260 

Forsyth, John, 120, 144 

Forward, Walter, 173 

Foster, Lafayette S., 292 
Gallatin, Albert, 43, 64 
Gerry, Elbridge, 60 

Gilmer, Thos.W., 184 

Gilpin, Henry D., 153 

Graham, George, 89 

Graham, William A., 229 
Granger, Francis, 162. 186 
Granger, Gideon, 49, 74 
Grant,Ulysses 8,297,306,312 
Griswold, Roger, 29 

Grundy, Felix, 152 

Guthrie, James, 245 

Habersham, Joseph, 13,32,48 
Hall, Nathan K., 234 

Hamilton, Alexander, 6 

Hamilton, Paul, 71 

Hamlin, Hannibal, 273 

Harlan, James, 302 

Harrison, Wm. Henry, 156 
Henshaw, David, 183 

Hoar, E. Hockwood, 327 
--^Holt, Joseph, 261, 266 

Hopkins, George W., 194 
Hubbard, Henry, 139 

Hubbard, Samuel D., 235 
Hunter, R. M. T., 155 



Ingham, Samuel D., 121 
Jackson, Andrew, 114 

Jefferson, Thomas, 3, 22, 38 
Johnson, Andrew, 274, 291 
Johnson, Cave, 202 

Johnson, Reverdy, 217, 236 
Johnson, Richard M., 143 
Jones, John W., 193 

Jones, William, 72 

Kendall, Amos, 132, 149 
Kennedy, John P., 230 

King, Horatio, 264, 267 
King, William R., 220, 242 
Knox, Henry, 8 

Lee, Charles, 16, 33 

Legare, Hugh S., 168,189 
Lincoln, Abraham, 272 

Lincoln, Levi, 50 

Livingston, Edward, 118 

Macon, Nathaniel, 54, 55, 56 
Madison, James, 41, 58 
Maugum, Willie P., 167 

Marcy, Wm. L., 199, 244 
Marshall, John, 24 

Mason, John Y., 185, 191 

do do 201, 203 

McClelland, Robert, 248 

McCuUoch, Hugh, 278, 295 
McHenry, James, 10, 27 
McLane, Louis, 119, 122 
McLean, John, 95, 110, 177 
Meigs, Return J., 75, 94 
Meredith, Wm. M., 212, 224 
Monroe, James, 62, 63 

do do 69, 84 

Muhlenberg, F. A., 17, 19 
Nelson, John, 190 

Niles, John, M., 150 

Orr, James L., 270 

Osgood, Samuel, 11 

Parsons, Theophilus 34 

Paulding, James K., 148 
Pennington, William, 271 



100 



SPECIAL INDEX GONGLUDED. 



Pickering, Timothy, 5, 9 
do do 12, 23 

Pierce, Franklin, 228 

Pinckney, William, 77 

Poinsett, Joel R., 146 

Polk, JamesK.,141, 154, 195 
Pomeroy, Theo. F., 311 

Porter, James M., 179 

Porter, Peter B., 108 

Preston, Wm- B , 214, 228 
Randall, Alex W., 305 

Randolph, Edmund, 4, 14 
Ra-wlins, John A., 319 

Robeson, George M., 325 
Rodney Caesar A., 53, 76 
Rush, Richard, 78, 96, 106 
Schofield, John M., 299, 318 
Sedgwick, Theodore, 37 

Seward, Wm. H., 275, 294 
Shelby, Isaac, 88 

Sherman, Wm. T., 320 

Smith, Caleb B., 282 

Smith, Robert, 46, 51, 61 
Southard, Sam.L.93, 109, 166 
Speed, James, 288, 306 

Spencer, John C, 174, 178 
Stanbery, Henry, 307 

Stanton, Edwin M.,269, 280 
do do 296 

Stewart, A. T., 316 

Stoddert, Benjamin, 31, 45 



Stuart, A. H. H„ 232 

Taney, Roger B., 124, 134 
Taylor, John W., 100, 112 
Taylor, Zachary, 209 

Thomas, Lorenzo, 298 

Thomas, Philip F.. 258 

Thompson, Jacob, 263 

Thompson, Smith, 92 

Tompkins, Daniel D., 85 

Toucey, Isaac, 206, 262 

Trumbull, Jonathan, 18 

Tyler, John, 157, 165 

Upsher, Abel P., 168, 182 
Usher, John P., 283, 301 
Van Buren, Martin, 116, 117 
do do 142 

Varnum, Joseph B., 57, 79 
Wade, Benjamin F., 293 
Walker, Robert J., 198 

Washburne, Elihu B., 314 
Washington, George, 1 

Webster, Daniel, 158,168, 222 
M elles, Gideon, 281, 300 
White, John, 164, 192 

WickliflFe, Charles A., 187 
Wilkins, William, 180 

Winthrop, Rob't.C.,207, 239 
Wirt, William, 97,111 

Wolcott, Oliver, 7, 25 

Woodbury, Levi, 125, 129 
Woodbury, Levi, 145 



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